Adverse Effects of Systemic Therapy

Adverse Effects of Systemic Therapy PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Adverse Effects of Systemic Therapy: Understanding and Managing Side Effects
Systemic therapy is a cornerstone of cancer treatment, encompassing chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormonal therapy. While these treatments have revolutionized cancer care, they can cause adverse effects that significantly impact patients' quality of life. This presentation, "Adverse Effects of Systemic Therapy," delves into the mechanisms, common side effects, and management strategies associated with systemic therapies.
Key topics include:
Chemotherapy Adverse Effects: Anemia, nausea, hair loss, and organ toxicity.
Targeted Therapy Side Effects: Skin rashes, hypertension, and fatigue.
Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities: Immune-related adverse events such as colitis, pneumonitis, and endocrine dysfunctions.
Hormonal Therapy Challenges: Bone loss, hot flashes, and weight gain.
The presentation emphasizes early detection, patient education, and proactive management to improve treatment adherence and patient outcomes. It also explores the role of multidisciplinary care in mitigating side effects, ensuring a holistic approach to cancer care.
Designed for healthcare professionals, this visually engaging presentation is a valuable resource for understanding systemic therapy’s complexities and enhancing patient care.

Tags : Systemic therapy, chemotherapy side effects, immunotherapy adverse effects, targeted therapy toxicity, hormonal therapy effects, cancer care, patient management

Published on : Dec 03, 2024 | Views : 375 | Downloads : 2

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Key topics include:
Chemotherapy Adverse Effects: Anemia, nausea, hair loss, and organ toxicity.
Targeted Therapy Side Effects: Skin rashes, hypertension, and fatigue.
Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities: Immune-related adverse events such as colitis, pneumonitis, and endocrine dysfunctions.
Hormonal Therapy Challenges: Bone loss, hot flashes, and weight gain.
The presentation emphasizes early detection, patient education, and proactive management to improve treatment adherence and patient outcomes. It also explores the role of multidisciplinary care in mitigating side effects, ensuring a holistic approach to cancer care.
Designed for healthcare professionals, this visually engaging presentation is a valuable resource for understanding systemic therapy’s complexities and enhancing patient care.
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Slide 1-

Adverse Effects of Systemic Therapy Managing Toxicities in Chemotherapy, Targeted Therapy, and Immunotherapy Dr. Vineeta Bose Oncologist & Hematologist
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What is Systemic Therapy? Systemic therapy includes treatments that work throughout the body to combat cancer: Chemotherapy: Drugs that target rapidly dividing cells. Targeted Therapy: Drugs aimed at specific molecular pathways in cancer cells. Immunotherapy: Enhances the immune system's ability to fight cancer. Importance of Addressing Adverse Effects: These therapies can cause significant toxicities that impact patient outcomes, quality of life, and adherence to treatment. Speaker Notes: Systemic therapy is essential in oncology, but adverse effects remain a challenge for both patients and providers, requiring proactive management to ensure optimal care. Reference: World Health Organization (WHO). (2018). Palliative Care Fact Sheet.
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Overview of Adverse Effects Systemic therapy often targets rapidly dividing cells, impacting normal tissues like: Bone marrow (blood cells) Hair follicles Gastrointestinal tract lining Immune system activation (e.g., immunotherapy) can cause inflammation in healthy tissues. Speaker Notes: Adverse effects arise because most systemic therapies lack the precision to target cancer cells exclusively, impacting rapidly dividing normal cells. Reference: DeVita, V. T., Lawrence, T. S., & Rosenberg, S. A. (2019). Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology.
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Common Adverse Effects of Chemotherapy Hematologic Effects: Anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia. Gastrointestinal Effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucositis. Hair and Skin Changes: Hair loss (alopecia), nail changes, skin sensitivity. Other: Fatigue, infertility, organ toxicity (e.g., nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity). Speaker Notes: Chemotherapy disrupts the function of rapidly dividing cells, leading to a range of side effects that vary based on the specific drug used. Reference: National Cancer Institute. (2020). Chemotherapy Side Effects.
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Adverse Effects of Targeted Therapy Targets specific molecules, reducing widespread toxicity, but still causes side effects: Skin rash and acneiform eruptions (e.g., EGFR inhibitors). Hypertension (e.g., VEGF inhibitors). Liver enzyme elevation. Fatigue and diarrhea. Speaker Notes: While targeted therapies are more precise than chemotherapy, they still have off-target effects that require monitoring. Reference: Mokhtari, R. B., et al. (2017). Mechanisms of targeting cancer cells. Current Oncology.
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Adverse Effects of Immunotherapy Immune-Related Adverse Events (irAEs): Skin: Rash, pruritus. Gastrointestinal: Colitis, diarrhea. Endocrine: Hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency. Pulmonary: Pneumonitis. Liver: Hepatitis. Can affect any organ due to immune activation. Speaker Notes: Immunotherapies, like checkpoint inhibitors, activate the immune system. However, overactivation can lead to inflammation in healthy tissues. Reference: Postow, M. A., et al. (2018). Immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint blockade. The New England Journal of Medicine.
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Adverse Effects of Hormonal Therapy Used for hormone-sensitive cancers (e.g., breast, prostate cancer). Side effects depend on therapy: Hot flashes, fatigue, and weight gain (tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors). Erectile dysfunction and gynecomastia (androgen deprivation therapy). Bone loss and increased fracture risk. Speaker Notes: Hormonal therapies can disrupt normal hormone levels, leading to various systemic side effects. Reference: Howell, A., et al. (2005). Hormonal therapy in breast cancer. The Lancet.
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Long-Term and Late Effects Long-term effects: Persist during treatment (e.g., fatigue, neuropathy). Late effects: Appear after treatment (e.g., secondary cancers, cardiomyopathy). Importance of survivorship care plans. Speaker Notes: Systemic therapies may cause side effects that persist long after treatment ends, necessitating long-term monitoring and support. Reference: National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). (2021). Survivorship Guidelines.
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Management Strategies Proactive symptom monitoring. Supportive therapies: Growth factors for neutropenia. Antiemetics for nausea/vomiting. Topical agents for skin conditions. Multidisciplinary care: Oncologists, nurses, and nutritionists. Speaker Notes: Early recognition and intervention are key to managing adverse effects and maintaining patient quality of life. Reference: Hesketh, P. J. (2008). Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. The New England Journal of Medicine.
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Patient Education and Communication Educate patients about potential side effects. Provide tools for symptom tracking. Open communication for early reporting of adverse effects. Speaker Notes: Empowering patients through education improves adherence to treatment and enhances their ability to manage side effects. Reference: Epstein, R. M., & Street, R. L. (2011). Patient-centered communication in cancer care. National Cancer Institute.
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Conclusion Systemic therapy significantly advances cancer care but comes with adverse effects. Early detection, proactive management, and patient education are essential. Multidisciplinary care improves outcomes and quality of life. Speaker Notes: Adverse effects of systemic therapy require a patient-centered approach. Understanding and addressing these effects ensure better patient outcomes.
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Thank You