Personalized Medicine and Precision Oncology

Personalized Medicine and Precision Oncology PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Personalized Medicine and Precision Oncology: A New Era in Cancer Care
Personalized medicine and precision oncology are revolutionizing cancer treatment by tailoring therapies to the unique genetic, molecular, and clinical profiles of individual patients. Unlike traditional one-size-fits-all approaches, precision oncology leverages advancements in genomic testing and biomarkers to identify actionable mutations and target therapies accordingly. This approach improves treatment efficacy, minimizes side effects, and enhances patient outcomes.
This presentation explores the core components of precision oncology, including the role of genomic testing (e.g., next-generation sequencing), targeted therapies (e.g., HER2 inhibitors, EGFR inhibitors), and predictive biomarkers (e.g., PD-L1, BRCA). It also highlights cutting-edge innovations like liquid biopsies and the integration of artificial intelligence in cancer care.
Key challenges, such as the cost of genomic testing, tumor heterogeneity, and resistance to therapies, are addressed alongside case studies showcasing the real-world application of precision oncology. The presentation concludes with a look into the future, emphasizing multi-omics data, AI-driven treatment strategies, and expanded access to personalized cancer care.
Whether you’re a medical professional, researcher, or student, this presentation provides valuable insights into the transformative power of personalized medicine in oncology.
Explore the promise of precision oncology and its potential to redefine cancer treatment for better patient outcomes.

Tags : Precision Oncology, Personalized Medicine, Cancer Treatment, Genomic Testing, Targeted Therapy, Biomarkers, Cancer Care, Immunotherapy, Precision Medicine

Published on : Dec 03, 2024 | Views : 287 | Downloads : 0

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Personalized Medicine and Precision Oncology Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment with Tailored Therapies Dr. Vineeta Bose Oncologist & Hematologist
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What is Personalized Medicine in Oncology? Personalized medicine uses genetic, molecular, and clinical data to tailor cancer treatments for individual patients. Precision oncology focuses on identifying genetic mutations and biomarkers to develop targeted therapies. Goal: Improve efficacy, reduce side effects, and deliver tailored care. Speaker Notes: Personalized medicine in oncology aims to shift away from the "one-size-fits-all" approach to treating cancer by tailoring therapies to an individual's genetic profile, tumor type, and molecular characteristics. Reference: Collins, F. S., & Varmus, H. (2015). A new initiative on precision medicine. New England Journal of Medicine, 372(9), 793-795.
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The Role of Genetics in Cancer Cancer arises from mutations in oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. Examples: BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations: Breast and ovarian cancer risk. EGFR mutations: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). BRAF V600E mutation: Melanoma. Importance of identifying mutations for treatment decisions. Speaker Notes: Genetic mutations drive cancer progression. Understanding these mutations enables oncologists to predict how a tumor will respond to specific therapies, such as targeted treatments or immunotherapy. Reference: Hanahan, D., & Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of cancer: The next generation. Cell, 144(5), 646-674.
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Key Components of Precision Oncology Genomic Testing: Identifies genetic mutations and biomarkers. Targeted Therapies: Focuses on specific molecular pathways. Biomarkers: Predict response to therapies (e.g., PD-L1 for immunotherapy). Liquid Biopsies: Detects circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for real-time monitoring. Speaker Notes: Precision oncology integrates genomic testing and biomarker analysis to identify actionable targets for therapy. Liquid biopsies are emerging as non-invasive tools for disease monitoring. Reference: Ferrucci, P. F., Gandini, S., Battaglia, A., et al. (2021). The evolving landscape of biomarkers in oncology. Cancer Treatment Reviews, 95, 102170.
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Examples of Targeted Therapies HER2 inhibitors: Trastuzumab for HER2-positive breast cancer. EGFR inhibitors: Gefitinib for EGFR-mutated NSCLC. BRAF inhibitors: Dabrafenib for BRAF-mutant melanoma. ALK inhibitors: Crizotinib for ALK-positive lung cancer. Speaker Notes: Targeted therapies are game-changers in oncology, providing highly specific treatments for cancers with identified genetic mutations. Reference: Subbiah, V., & Kurzrock, R. (2018). Universal genomic testing for precision oncology: The foundation for targeted therapy. Cancer, 124(12), 2391-2399.
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Role of Biomarkers in Precision Oncology Predictive biomarkers: Indicate response to specific therapies (e.g., PD-L1 for checkpoint inhibitors). Prognostic biomarkers: Indicate disease progression (e.g., KRAS in colorectal cancer). Companion diagnostics: Tests to determine eligibility for targeted therapies. Speaker Notes: Biomarkers enable oncologists to predict treatment response and guide therapy selection, making them indispensable tools in precision oncology. Reference: De Rubis, G., Rajeev Krishnan, S., & Bebawy, M. (2019). Liquid biopsies in cancer diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 40(3), 172-186.
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Advances in Genomic Testing Next-generation sequencing (NGS): Identifies multiple mutations simultaneously. Tumor mutational burden (TMB): Predicts response to immunotherapy. Liquid biopsies: Monitors treatment response and detects recurrence. Speaker Notes: Genomic testing technologies like NGS provide in-depth insights into the tumor’s molecular profile, guiding more effective and personalized treatment options. Reference: Hyman, D. M., Taylor, B. S., & Baselga, J. (2017). Implementing genome-driven oncology. Cell, 168(4), 584-599.
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Challenges in Precision Oncology High costs of genomic testing and targeted therapies. Limited access in low-resource settings. Tumor heterogeneity: Genetic variation within the same tumor. Resistance to targeted therapies over time. Speaker Notes: While precision oncology offers tremendous promise, challenges such as affordability, accessibility, and resistance mechanisms must be addressed to maximize its impact. Reference: Meric-Bernstam, F., & Mills, G. B. (2012). Overcoming implementation challenges of personalized cancer therapy. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, 9(9), 542-548.
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Case Study: Precision Oncology in Action Patient: 56-year-old woman with NSCLC. Genomic Testing: EGFR mutation identified. Treatment: EGFR inhibitor (Gefitinib). Outcome: Significant tumor reduction and improved quality of life. Speaker Notes: This case study highlights the success of precision oncology in identifying actionable mutations and delivering effective, personalized treatment. Reference: Mok, T. S., Wu, Y. L., Ahn, M. J., et al. (2009). Gefitinib or chemotherapy for EGFR-mutated lung cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 361(10), 947-957.
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Future of Precision Oncology Integration of artificial intelligence for treatment prediction. Advances in liquid biopsy technologies. Use of multi-omics data (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics). Expansion of personalized medicine to rare cancers. Speaker Notes: The future of precision oncology lies in leveraging advanced technologies, such as AI and multi-omics, to further refine cancer care. Reference: Tran, N. H., et al. (2021). Multi-omics approaches in precision oncology. Nature Reviews Cancer, 21(8), 503-519.
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Key Takeaways Precision oncology offers tailored treatments for improved outcomes. Biomarkers and genomic testing play pivotal roles. Despite challenges, advancements continue to revolutionize cancer care. Speaker Notes: Precision oncology is transforming cancer treatment by offering personalized approaches that improve survival rates and quality of life for patients.
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Thank You