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Normal Labour And Delivery PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "NORMAL LABOUR AND DELIVERY” by Dr. Shatha Sami, FICOG, CABCOG.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about normal labor and delivery, the natural and unassisted process of childbirth, where a pregnant woman experiences regular and strong uterine contractions that lead to the birth of her baby.

Tags : normal labor and delivery, unassisted process of childbirth, uterine contractions, birth, pregnancy, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Jun 20, 2023 | Views : 4351 | Downloads : 14

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Slide 1-

NORMAL LABOURAND DELIVERY By Dr.shatha sami FICOG CABCOG
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NORMAL LABOUR Labour is defined as the onset of regular painful contractions with progressive cervical effacement and dilatation of the cervix accompanied by descent of the presenting part.End By delivery of fetus, placenta, membranes DEFINITIONS
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NORMAL LABOUR Spontaneous expulsion, of a single, mature fetus (37 completed weeks – 42 weeks), presented by vertex, through the birth canal (i.e. vaginal delivery), within a reasonable time (not less than 3 hours or more than 18 hours), without complications to the mother, or the fetus The following criteria should be present to call it normal labour
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WHAT FACTORS INFLUENCE PROGRESS OF LABOUR ?
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LABOUR AND DELIVERY FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE PROGRESS OF LABOUR Passenger Passage 3 "P" Power
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THE NORMAL FEMALE PELVIS The brim is slightly oval transversely. The sacral promontory is not prominent. The transverse diameter is slightly longer than the anteroposterior. The sidewalls are parallel and straight. The ischial spines are not prominent. The sacrosciatic notches are wide. The sacrum has a good curve. The pubic arch angle are wide, i.e. more than 90 Inter tuberous diameter is wide The ideal normal female gynaecoid pelvis:
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THE FETAL SKULL MOULDING’ is the ability of the fetal head to change its shape and so to adapt itself to the maternal pelvis during the progress of labour
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POWER ► Contractions + Maternal pushing Uterine contractions: Shortening of muscle fibres Retractions ⁭ intra uterine pressure EXPULSION OF THE FETUS Additional force “maternal pushing” ⁭ Intra abdominal pressure
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UTERINE CONTRACTION NORMAL CONTRACTION Frequency ~ one in every 2 – 3 min with at least 1 minute interval Intensity ~ strong (> 50 mmHg) Duration ~ 45 – 60 sec Uterine contractions
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LABOUR AND DELIVERY WHAT INITIATE LABOUR “ONSET OF LABOUR”
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NORMAL LABOUR Hormonal factors 1) Estrogen theory 2) Progesterone withdrawal theory 3) Prostaglandins theory 4) Oxytocin theory 5) Fetal cortisol theory Mechanical factors 1) Uterine distension theory 2) Stretch of the lower uterine segment by the presenting near term Causes of Onset of Labour: - It is unknown but the following theories were postulated:
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LABOUR AND DELIVERY DIAGNOSIS OF LABOUR
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NORMAL LABOUR AND DELIVERY Painful regular uterine contractions – as evidence by contraction at least one in ten minutes Show – as evidence by mucus mixed with blood Rupture of membranes – as evidence by leaking liquor Progressive shortening and dilatation of the cervix SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS OF LABOUR
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LABOUR AND DELIVERY THE STAGES OF LABOUR
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FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR
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NORMAL LABOUR AND DELIVERY First stage: from onset of labour till fully effacement and dilitation Divided into: Latent phase – begins with onset of contracts and ends when cervix is 3 cm dilated and effaced Active phase – begins after the cervix is 3 cm dilated
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NORMAL LABOUR AND DELIVERY WHAT HAPPEN DURING THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR
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NORMAL LABOUR AND DELIVERY WHAT HAPPEN DURING THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR Contractions: CONTRACTIONS 1: Regular 2: Increasing in frequency 3: Stronger
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WHAT HAPPEN DURING THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR Cervical dilatation and effacement: Phases of cervical dilatation Latent phase – the first 3 cm of dilatation; a slow process (8 hours in nulliparous and 3 hours in multiparous Active phase – this is active process of cervical dilatation; the normal rate is 1 cm/hour
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NORMAL LABOUR AND DELIVERY WHAT HAPPEN DURING THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR Engagement of the presenting part:
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SECOND STAGE OF LABOUR
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NORMAL LABOUR AND DELIVERY SECOND STAGE OF LABOUR Begins with FULL DILATATION and ends with DELIVERY OF THE BABY. It have TWO Phases a) Propulsive phase – from full dilatation until presenting part has descended to the pelvic floor b) Expulsive phase which ends with the delivery of the baby Average length a) Primigravidae – 40 minutes b) Multigravidae – 20 minutes
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APRIL 2005 THIRD STAGE OF LABOUR
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NORMAL LABOUR AND DELIVERY THIRD STAGE OF LABOUR Begins after DELIVERY of the baby and ends with DELIVERY OF THE PLACENTA / MEMBRANES. It have TWO Phases a) Separation phase b) Expulsion phase Duration – usually 15 minutes or less (if actively managed). .
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Fourth stage Its 3-4 hours after delivery of placenta & mebrane ,period of stabilization of fetus & mother
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THANK YOU