Download Free Medical Overview of Amino Acid Metabolism PowerPoint Presentation

Overview of Amino Acid Metabolism PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Check out this medical titled "OVERVIEW OF AMINO ACID METABOLISM".

This medical gives an overview of the metabolism of amino acids.

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, but they also play important roles in many other metabolic pathways in the body. The metabolism of amino acids can be divided into three main processes, viz., Protein breakdown, Amino acid synthesis and Amino acid degradation.

The fate of an amino acid depends on its metabolic state and the bodys metabolic needs. For example, amino acids can be used to synthesize neurotransmitters, hormones, and nucleotides, or they can be used to produce energy or build new proteins. Some amino acids can also be converted into other non-protein compounds, such as creatine and heme.

Overall, amino acid metabolism is a complex process that plays a vital role in maintaining cellular function and overall health.

Tags : metabolism of amino acids, metabolic pathways, endocrinology, endocrinology

Published on : Apr 21, 2023 | Views : 1142 | Downloads : 1

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

OVERVIEW OF AMINO ACID METABOLISM ENVIRONMENT ORGANISM Ingested protein Bio- synthesis Protein AMINO ACIDS Nitrogen Carbon skeletons Urea Degradation (required) 1 2 3 a b Purines Pyrimidines Porphyrins c c Used for energy pyruvate α-ketoglutarate succinyl-CoA fumarate oxaloacetate acetoacetate acetyl CoA (glucogenic) (ketogenic)
Slide 2-

ppt slide no 2 content not found
Slide 3-

NITROGEN BALANCE Nitrogen balance = nitrogen ingested - nitrogen excreted (primarily as protein) (primarily as urea) Nitrogen balance = 0 (nitrogen equilibrium) protein synthesis = protein degradation Positive nitrogen balance protein synthesis > protein degradation Negative nitrogen balance protein synthesis < protein degradation
Slide 4-

TRANSAMINATION
Slide 5-

UREA CYCLE mitochondria cytosol Function: detoxification of ammonia (prevents hyperammonemia)
Slide 6-

FATE OF THE CARBON SKELETONS Carbon skeletons are used for energy. Glucogenic: TCA cycle intermediates or pyruvate (gluconeogensis) Ketogenic: acetyl CoA, acetoacetyl CoA, or acetoacetate
Slide 7-

ppt slide no 7 content not found
Slide 8-

Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism
Slide 9-

Major Bases
Slide 10-

Source of each atom in the purine ring
Slide 11-

Summary and Regulation
Slide 12-

Inhibition of Purine Biosynthesis by the Antitumor Agent, 6-Mercaptopurine 6-Mercaptopurine is converted to a nucleotide. The nucleotide inhibits purine biosynthesis at steps 2, 12a, 12b, and 13a.
Slide 13-

Major Bases Cytosine (C) Uracil (U) Thymine (T)
Slide 14-

Sources of the atoms of the pyrimidine ring:
Slide 15-

ppt slide no 15 content not found
Slide 16-

DNA and RNA Degradation
Slide 17-

“Salvage Pathway” for Purines (~90%) Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
Slide 18-

Degradation of Purines (~10%)
Slide 19-

Allopurinol Inhibits xanthine oxidase X X
Slide 20-

Heme
Slide 21-

Structure
Slide 22-

ppt slide no 22 content not found
Slide 23-

Porphyrias
Slide 24-

hemoglobin globin heme free amino acids degraded (bilirubin) Fe (reutilized)
Slide 25-

ppt slide no 25 content not found
Slide 26-

HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA -- elevated bilirubin in serum (above 1 mg/dL) -- can be conjugated or unconjugated or both depending on the situation -- elevated bilirubin can diffuse into tissues, making them appear yellow (jaundice)
Slide 27-

HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA Clinical Consequences: -- Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia: benign -- Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia: benign at concentrations < 25 mg/dL (albumin capacity) -- At concentrations >25 mg/dL, unconjugated bilirubin is free (uncomplexed) and can enter the brain.
Slide 28-

Causes of JAUNDICE Hemolytic anemia --  destruction of erythrocytes Hepatitis or cirrhosis --  conjugation and excretion of bilirubin Bile duct obstruction -- conjugated bilirubin not delivered to intestine; it backs up, spills over into the blood Neonatal “physiological jaundice” -- immature hepatic system of the newborn:  uptake, conjugation, excretion of bilirubin