Infertility & Assisted Reproductive Technology: Diagnostic Workup for Infertility

Infertility & Assisted Reproductive Technology: Diagnostic Workup for Infertility PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Please check this in-depth presentation on Infertility & Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART): Diagnostic Workup for Infertility. This comprehensive presentation provides valuable insights into the systematic approach for diagnosing infertility, helping healthcare professionals and patients understand the steps required for accurate identification of infertility causes.
Infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, with causes ranging from hormonal imbalances to structural issues in the reproductive organs. This presentation covers the initial evaluation process, including medical history, physical examination, and basic lab tests, as well as specific tests like ovulation and hormone testing. Advanced diagnostic methods such as imaging studies, semen analysis, and genetic testing are also discussed to provide a complete picture of the diagnostic journey.
With the aid of visuals, flowcharts, and summaries, each step in the diagnostic workup is explained, making it accessible for medical professionals, students, and those interested in reproductive health. Discover how a structured diagnostic approach can facilitate early treatment and improve outcomes with assisted reproductive technology.
This presentation aims to empower individuals and professionals with knowledge, promoting better understanding and management of infertility.

Tags : Infertility diagnosis, ART, diagnostic workup, reproductive health, infertility testing, female infertility, male infertility, assisted reproductive technology

Published on : Nov 26, 2024 | Views : 533 | Downloads : 0

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Infertility & Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) - Diagnostic Workup for Infertility An Overview of Testing and Diagnostic Procedures in Infertility Management Dr. Priya Kapoor Gynaecologist and Obstetrician
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Introduction to Infertility Definition: Infertility is the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse for women under 35, and after 6 months for women over 35. Prevalence: Affects approximately 10-15% of couples worldwide (Mascarenhas et al., 2012). Importance of Diagnostic Workup: Early diagnosis helps identify treatable causes, allowing for timely intervention. Reference: Mascarenhas, M. N., et al. (2012). "National, regional, and global trends in infertility prevalence since 1990: a systematic analysis of 277 health surveys." PLOS Medicine, 9(12), e1001356.
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Causes of Infertility Female Factors (40-50%): Ovulatory disorders (e.g., PCOS) Tubal factors (e.g., blockage due to infections) Uterine factors (e.g., fibroids) Male Factors (20-30%): Low sperm count, motility, or morphology Combined/Unexplained Factors (20-30%) Reference: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. "Obstetrics and Gynecology Explained." Available at: https://www.acog.org
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Initial Evaluation of Infertility Medical History: Comprehensive review including menstrual history, sexual history, past surgeries, and lifestyle factors. Physical Examination: Female: BMI, pelvic exam Male: BMI, genital exam Basic Lab Tests: Hormone levels (FSH, LH, Prolactin, Thyroid Function Tests) Semen analysis for male partner Reference: American Society for Reproductive Medicine. (2020). "Evaluation and Treatment of Infertility." ASRM Practice Committee Guidelines.
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Ovulation Testing Purpose: To determine if ovulation is occurring regularly. Tests: Basal Body Temperature (BBT): Charting daily temperature to track ovulation. Ovulation Predictor Kits (OPKs): Detect LH surge in urine. Serum Progesterone: Measured during luteal phase to confirm ovulation. Reference: Johnson, S., et al. (2015). "Accuracy of home ovulation tests." Fertility and Sterility, 103(4), e28-e30.
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Hormone Testing Purpose: To assess hormonal balance and identify issues affecting fertility. Key Tests: FSH & LH: Assessed on days 2-5 of the menstrual cycle. AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone): Indicates ovarian reserve. Prolactin: Elevated levels may indicate pituitary dysfunction. Thyroid Function Tests: Hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism can impact fertility. Reference: Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. (2015). "Diagnostic evaluation of female infertility." Fertility and Sterility, 103(6), e44-e50.
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Imaging Studies Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVUS): Used to assess the ovaries, uterus, and endometrial lining. Hysterosalpingography (HSG): X-ray with contrast dye to evaluate fallopian tube patency and uterine structure. Sonohysterography: Ultrasound with saline infusion to detect uterine abnormalities. Reference: Sakar, M. N., et al. (2019). "Role of hysterosalpingography in infertility evaluation." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science, 9(1), 8.
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Semen Analysis Purpose: To evaluate male factor infertility by assessing sperm count, motility, morphology, and volume. Parameters: Volume: >1.5 mL Concentration: >15 million/mL Motility: >40% progressive Morphology: >4% normal forms (WHO, 2021) Reference: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. "Screening and Prevention." Available at: https://www.acog.org
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Genetic Testing in Infertility When is Genetic Testing Recommended?: Couples with repeated miscarriages. Known family history of genetic disorders. Severe male infertility factors (e.g., low sperm count). Types of Genetic Tests: Karyotyping Cystic Fibrosis Screening Fragile X Testing Reference: Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. (2013). "Genetic Testing for Inherited Disorders and Infertility." Fertility and Sterility, 100(1), e12-e18.
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Summary & Key Takeaways
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Key Steps in Infertility Diagnostic Workup: Initial assessment: Medical history and physical examination. Ovulation and hormone testing. Imaging studies to assess reproductive organs. Semen analysis for male factor infertility. Advanced procedures like laparoscopy and genetic testing when indicated.
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Thank You

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