Surgical Management of Metastases

Surgical Management of Metastases PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Surgical Management of Metastases: Enhancing Survival and Quality of Life
Metastases, the spread of cancer to distant organs, remain a significant challenge in oncology. However, surgical intervention can play a vital role in improving survival and quality of life for selected patients. This presentation, "Surgical Management of Metastases: Techniques and Advancements," explores the criteria, methods, and outcomes of surgery for metastatic cancer.
Key topics include the management of liver metastases (commonly seen in colorectal cancer) with hepatic resections, lung metastases with procedures like lobectomy and VATS, and bone metastases with stabilization techniques to improve mobility and reduce pain. Surgical options for brain metastases, such as craniotomy and stereotactic radiosurgery, are also discussed.
Special attention is given to emerging techniques like cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC for peritoneal metastases, as well as robotic and minimally invasive approaches. By combining surgery with systemic therapies, patient outcomes are continually improving.
This presentation is ideal for healthcare professionals seeking an in-depth understanding of how surgery integrates with multimodal cancer treatment. It highlights innovations in surgical oncology and the critical role of patient selection in optimizing results.
Take a closer look at how surgical advancements are transforming metastatic cancer care today.

Tags : Surgical oncology, metastases treatment, cancer surgery, liver metastases, lung metastases, bone metastases, brain metastases, cytoreductive surgery, HIPEC

Published on : Dec 03, 2024 | Views : 651 | Downloads : 0

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Surgical Management of Metastases Techniques, Advancements, and Outcomes in Cancer Treatment Dr. Vineeta Bose Oncologist & Hematologist
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Understanding Metastases Metastases refer to the spread of cancer from the primary tumor to distant organs. Common sites include the liver, lungs, bone, and brain. Surgical management plays a critical role in selected cases to prolong survival and improve quality of life. Speaker Notes: Explain the basic concept of metastasis and its impact on cancer management. Highlight that not all metastases are amenable to surgery and careful patient selection is key. Reference: Steeg, P. S. (2006). Tumor metastasis: Mechanistic insights and clinical challenges. Nature Medicine, 12(8), 895–904.
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Why Surgery for Metastases? Curative Intent: Complete removal of metastatic disease in limited settings. Palliative Intent: Alleviating symptoms like pain, obstruction, or bleeding. Improved Survival: Enhancing progression-free and overall survival. Combination Therapy: Often combined with systemic therapy and radiation. Reference: Hellman, S., & Weichselbaum, R. R. (1995). Oligometastases. J Clin Oncol, 13(1), 8–10.
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Criteria for Surgical Intervention Limited number of metastases (oligometastatic disease). Controlled primary tumor. Good performance status (e.g., ECOG ≤ 2). Favorable tumor biology (e.g., colorectal liver metastases). Absence of widespread systemic disease. Speaker Notes: Stress the importance of multidisciplinary evaluation, including imaging, biomarkers, and systemic therapy response before surgery. Reference: Lievens, Y., & Guckenberger, M. (2020). Defining oligometastatic disease from a radiation oncology perspective. The Lancet Oncology, 21(2), e74–e84.
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Surgical Management of Liver Metastases Most common site of metastasis for colorectal cancer (CRC). Surgical Techniques: Hepatic resection (lobectomy, segmentectomy). Ablative therapies (RFA, microwave ablation) for inoperable cases. Outcomes: 5-year survival rates: ~40-50% for resectable CRC liver metastases. Speaker Notes: Explain that hepatic resection is the gold standard for CRC liver metastases and can significantly improve survival. Reference: Adam, R., et al. (2012). Is perioperative chemotherapy useful for solitary, metachronous, colorectal liver metastases? Ann Surg Oncol, 19(5), 1310–1316.
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Surgical Management of Lung Metastases Common in sarcomas, colorectal, and renal cell cancers. Surgical Techniques: Wedge resection. Lobectomy. Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS). Outcomes: 5-year survival rates: ~30-50% for selected cases. Speaker Notes: Highlight that lung metastasectomy is typically offered for isolated nodules and good systemic disease control. Reference: Pastorino, U., et al. (1997). Long-term results of lung metastasectomy: Prognostic analysis based on 5206 cases. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 113(1), 37–49.
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Surgical Management of Bone Metastases Indications for surgery: Pathological fractures. Pain refractory to other treatments. Spinal cord compression. Surgical Techniques: Fixation devices (nails, rods). Vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty. Debulking or en bloc resection for spinal metastases. Speaker Notes: Emphasize the importance of stabilizing the bone to improve mobility and reduce pain. Reference: Harrington, K. D. (1997). Orthopedic surgical management of skeletal complications of malignancy. Cancer, 80(8), 1614–1627.
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Surgical Management of Brain Metastases Indications for surgery: Solitary or limited brain metastases. Symptomatic lesions causing neurologic deficits. Surgical Techniques: Craniotomy with tumor resection. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for small lesions. Outcomes: Improved survival and quality of life when combined with systemic therapy or radiation. Speaker Notes: Brain metastasectomy is often reserved for symptomatic lesions or cases requiring histologic diagnosis. Reference: Bindal, R. K., et al. (1996). Surgical resection in the management of brain metastases. J Neurosurg, 84(2), 217–223.
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Role of Cytoreductive Surgery Cytoreductive surgery involves removing visible peritoneal metastases. HIPEC (Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy): Heated chemotherapy administered intraoperatively. Indications: Peritoneal metastases from colorectal, ovarian, or gastric cancer. Outcomes: Improved survival in selected cases. Speaker Notes: Cytoreduction combined with HIPEC is gaining popularity for treating peritoneal metastases. Reference: Sugarbaker, P. H. (1995). Successful management of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol, 2(5), 426–431.
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Advances and Future Directions Robotic-assisted surgery for metastases. Fluorescence-guided surgery to improve margin clearance. Integration of molecular profiling for better patient selection. Combining surgery with immunotherapy and targeted therapies. Speaker Notes: Future advances focus on precision surgery, minimizing invasiveness, and combining modalities for better outcomes. Reference: Hanna, J. M., & Onaitis, M. W. (2012). Innovations in minimally invasive surgery for thoracic cancers. Cancer J, 18(2), 149–154.
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Key Takeaways Surgical management of metastases is feasible in well-selected patients. It can improve survival and quality of life when combined with systemic therapies. Ongoing research is advancing the role of surgery in metastatic cancer care.
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Thank You