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Possible Loci Linked to Prostate Cancer PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : This medical presentation on cancer titled "Possible Loci Linked to Prostate Cancer" talks about multiple loci responsible for the Prostate Cancer.

Tags : Cancer, Loci, Prostate Cancer, Prostate Gland, Risk factors, Genetic mutations, Germline Mutations,

Published on : May 03, 2021 | Views : 2156 | Downloads : 0

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Slide 1-

Possible Loci Linked to Prostate Cancer By Angela Marks Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Seminar
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The Prostate Gland Male sex gland Size of a walnut Helps control urine flow Produces fluid component of semen Produces Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) and Acid Phosphatase
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Four Areas of the Prostate Transition Zone Peripheral Zone Anterior Zone Central Zone www.prostatematters.com
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Factors Increasing Risk of Prostate Cancer Age Lifestyle Hormones Race Genetics
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Genetic mutations in Prostate Cancer? Germline mutations Methylation changes Loss of GSTp expression Androgen receptor - short . tandem repeats (Xq11-12) Chromosome 16q loss PTEN mutation (10q23) p53 inactivation (17p)
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Early event in development of prostate cancer CpG islands within promoter regions and open reading frames of growth regulatory genes Glutathione S transferase -pi (GSTp) scavenges free radicals Loss may be caused by methylation GSTp absent in almost every prostate tumor GSTp may be only thing stopping prostate cancer Small polymorphic CAG repeats (microsatellites) associated with transactivation activity Inverse relationship between CAG repeats and prostate cancer 16q is sight of tumor suppressor gene, E-cadherin Loss of E-cad increases disease progression
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PTEN phosphatase functions as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating cell interactions Acts as a gate to regulate the movement of growth-regulating signals G:C to A:T transition mutation Inactivation of p53 results in loss of DNA repair
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Possible Germline Mutations Hereditary Prostate Cancer 1 gene (HPC1) on chromosome 1q24-q25 Predisposing locus for early-onset prostate cancer (PCAP) on 1q42.2-q43 Hereditary prostate cancer locus (HPCX) on Xq27-q28 Rare PC-Brain Cancer Susceptibility locus (CAPB) on 1q36
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Future Research Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Loss of . Heterozygosity . (LOH) Linkage Analysis Pictures: http://core1.joslab.harvard.edu, http://www.vgl.ucdavis.edu/service/canine/micros.htm, and http://amba.charite.de/cgh
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Clone those genes to better understand function Will expand on knowledge of non-hereditary causes of prostate cancer Allow for more accurate diagnoses and better treatments
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Genome-wide search for susceptibility loci
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References Barry, R. et al. Grant proposal. Mayo Clinic. 1998. Berthon, P. et al. Predisposing Gene for Early-Onset Prostate Cancer, Localized on Chromosome 1q42.2-43. Am J. Hum Genet 62:1416-1424, 1998. Capcure. The Association for the Cure of Cancer of the Prostate. Http://www.capcure.org Dahiya, R., et al. High Frequency of Genetic Instability of Microsatellites in Human Prostatic Adenocarcinoma. Int J. Cancer 72: 762-7, 1997. Gronberg, H., et al. Early Age at Diagnosis in Families Providing Evidence of Linkage to the Heredita Postate Cancer Locus (HPC1) on Chromosome 1. Cancer Research 57, 4707-9, 11/1/97 Irvine, RA., et al. The CAG and GGC microsatellites of the androgen receptor gene are in linkage disequilibrium in men with prostate cancer. Cancer Research 1;55(9): 1937-40, 1995. Joslin Diabetes Center, DNA Core Facility. Microsatellites. http://core1.joslab.harvard.edu/core/microsats.html. Kang, HY., et al. Cloning and Characterization of Human Prostate Coactivator ARA54, a Novel Protein that Associates with the Androgen Receptor. J Biol Chem 274(13): 8570-76, 03/26/99. Li, L., et al. PTEN, a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase gene mutated in human brain, breast, and prostate cancer. Science 275: 1943-46, 1997.
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References Navone, NM, et al. p53 mutations in prostate cancer bone metastases suggest that selected p53 mutants in th eprimary site define foci with metastatic potential. J Urol 161(1):304-8, 1/99. Novahealth@earthlink.net www.prostatematters.com 1998 Pienta, K., Goodson, J., & Esper, P. Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer: Molecular and Environmental Clues. http://www.cancer.med.umich.edu/prostcan/articles/clues.html Smith, J, et al. Major Susceptibility Locus for Prostate Cancer on Chromosome 1 Suggested by a Genome-Wide Search. Science 274: 1371-4, 11/22/96. Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine University of California, Davis. Microsatellites. http://www.vgl.ucdavis.edu/service/canine/micros.htm 12/30.97 Wolf, G. University Hospital Charite Institute of Pathology. http://amba.charite.de/cgh 1/15/99 Xu, J., et al. Evidence for a prostate cancer susceptibility locus on the X chromosome. Nature Genet 20: 175-179, 1998.