Download Free Medical Pituitary Disorders PowerPoint Presentation

Pituitary Disorders PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Check out this medical titled "Pituitary Disorders".

This medical talks about the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain that produces and secretes various hormones that control many functions in the body. Pituitary disorders occur when there is an abnormality in the pituitary gland, leading to either an excess or deficiency of certain hormones. Some common pituitary disorders include Pituitary adenomas, Hypopituitarism, Diabetes insipidus, Hyperprolactinemia, and Acromegaly, etc.

Tags : pituitary gland, Pituitary disorders, Pituitary adenomas, Hypopituitarism, Diabetes insipidus, Hyperprolactinemia, Acromegaly, endocrinology, endocrinology

Published on : Apr 21, 2023 | Views : 1952 | Downloads : 10

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

Pituitary Disorders
Slide 2-

Objectives Anatomy of hypothalamus and pituitary Function of hypothalamus and pituitary Hormones: Anterior pituitary with related disorders Posterior pituitary with related disorders
Slide 3-

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis The hypothalamus is the coordinator of Endocrine system Received signals from cortical brain, autonomic function, environment cues like light and temperature It affects function of thyroid gland, adrenal, gonads, growth, milk production and water balance
Slide 4-

Hypothalamus-pituitary Axis nonendocrine functions such as temperature regulation, the activity of the autonomic nervous system, and control of appetite.
Slide 5-

Endocrine system
Slide 6-

Hypothalamus At the base of the brain, below third ventricle, above pituitary gland and optic chiasm Hypothalamus is connected to the pituitary gland by pituitary stalk which connect median eminence to the pituitary gland Multiple nuclei in anterior part producing hormones to anterior pituitary Paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei produce ADH to control poster pituitary function
Slide 7-

Hypothalamus
Slide 8-

Function of hypothalamus Terminals of hypothalamic neurones are in the median eminence carrying the hormones through capillary plexus to the pituitary gland Release all the hormones to control the pituitary function beside neuroendocrine function
Slide 9-

Hypothalamus
Slide 10-

Major hypothalamic hormones and their effect on anterior pituitary hormones
Slide 11-

Hormonal regulation
Slide 12-

ppt slide no 12 content not found
Slide 13-

ppt slide no 13 content not found
Slide 14-

Growth hormone Polypeptide hormone Somatotrophs of anterior pituitary Action is mediated by IGF-I Half life is 20-50 mins Has a binding protein: GHBPs Pulsatile secretion: variable level in the blood Binds to its receptor on cell- surface: cytokine receptor Lack intrinsic enzyme activity Has similar receptor structure to others: leptin, IL-2, PRL Controlled by HP and peripheral factors GHRH stimulates it, somatostatin inhibits
Slide 15-

Growth hormone ↑↑ GH: Physiologic: sleep, exercise, stress, fasting Pathologic: Liver cirrhosis, AN, CRF, starvation Pharmacologic: Estrogen, ACTH, ADH, GHRH,Ghrelin dopamine agonist, K infusion,serotonin arginin ↓↓ GH: Physiologic: ↑glucose, ↑ FFAs, Pharmacologic: Somatostatin, GH,GC, PG Pathologic: ↑ or ↓ T4, Obesity
Slide 16-

ppt slide no 16 content not found
Slide 17-

ppt slide no 17 content not found
Slide 18-

ppt slide no 18 content not found
Slide 19-

Diagnosis of acromegaly GH, IGF-I Oral glucose tolerance testing To assess excess GH secretion
Slide 20-

Acromegaly-Diagnosis Oral glucose tolerance test Measure GH and IGF-I : high
Slide 21-

Growth hormone deficiency Diagnosis in children and adult
Slide 22-

Diagnosis of GH-deficiency and management GH, IGF-I level Dynamic testing: clonidine stimulation test, glucagon stimulation, exercise testing, arginine-GHRH, insulin tolerance testing X-ray of hands: delayed bone age In Adult: Insulin tolerance testing, MRI pituitary to rule out pituitary adenoma Management: GH replacement
Slide 23-

Cortisol under ACTH Stable circadian rhythm Altered by: Physical stress Psychological stress CNS and pituitary disorder liver and renal failure
Slide 24-

Cushing’s Disease High ACTH leading More common in females 3-8 times than in men Generally not common : 5-25 per million
Slide 25-

ppt slide no 25 content not found
Slide 26-

ppt slide no 26 content not found
Slide 27-

Cushing’s disease
Slide 28-

Diagnosis of cushing’s disease 24 hr urine free cortisol Overnight 1 mg dexamethasone suppression testing ACTH level and Pm cortisol MRI pituitary: for pituitary adenoma
Slide 29-

ppt slide no 29 content not found
Slide 30-

hyperprolactinemia
Slide 31-

ppt slide no 31 content not found
Slide 32-

Symptoms Premenopausal women: Hypogonadism, amenorrhoea or olighomenorrhoea, infertility, Galactorrhoea Men: hypogonadortropic hypogonadism, decreased libido, infertility, galactorrhoea, Gynecomastia
Slide 33-

ppt slide no 33 content not found
Slide 34-

LH and FSH-secreting adenoma
Slide 35-

ppt slide no 35 content not found
Slide 36-

ppt slide no 36 content not found
Slide 37-

ppt slide no 37 content not found
Slide 38-

ppt slide no 38 content not found
Slide 39-

ppt slide no 39 content not found
Slide 40-

ppt slide no 40 content not found
Slide 41-

ppt slide no 41 content not found