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Dermatophytosis PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Dermatophytosis".

This medical PowerPoint presentation talks about dermatophytosis, also known as ringworm, which is a fungal infection of the skin, hair, or nails. It is caused by a group of fungi called dermatophytes, which thrive in warm and humid environments.

The infection is characterized by a ring-shaped rash on the affected area, which may be itchy or scaly. In some cases, the affected area may also become red or inflamed. Dermatophytosis can affect different parts of the body, including the scalp, feet, groin, and nails.

The infection is usually transmitted through direct contact with an infected person, animal, or object, such as towels, clothing, or sports equipment. Risk factors for dermatophytosis include living in crowded or humid conditions, sharing personal items, and having weakened immune systems.

Treatment for dermatophytosis usually involves topical or oral antifungal medications, such as terbinafine or ketoconazole. It is important to maintain good hygiene practices and avoid sharing personal items to prevent the spread of the infection. In some cases, it may take several weeks or months for the infection to fully resolve.

Tags : Dermatophytosis, ringworm, fungal infection of the skin, fungal infection of hair, fungal infection of nails, fungi, dermatophytes, Dermatology, Dermatology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Mar 31, 2023 | Views : 2356 | Downloads : 4

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Slide 1-

Dermatophytosis Ringworm Tinea Dermatomycosis
Slide 2-

Overview Organisms History Distribution Transmission Disease in Humans Disease in Animals Prevention and Control Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 3-

The Organisms
Slide 4-

Organisms Fungi Microsporum, Trichophyton Animal pathogens Epidermophyton Human pathogen Classification Zoophilic Anthropophilic Geophilic Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 5-

Zoophilic Organisms* Microsporum canis M. gallinae M. gypseum M. equinum M. nanum M. persicolor Trichophyton equinum T. mentagrophytes T. simii T. verrucosum Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011 *Dermatophytes have two species names: one for the stage found in vertebrate hosts and one for the form that grows in the environment (perfect state). Names shown above represent the former.
Slide 6-

History
Slide 7-

History 30 A.D.: First historical reference Terminology Tinea Ringworm 19th century: Mycotic etiology described Dermatophytes most common fungal pathogens in the U.S. Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 8-

Geographic Distribution
Slide 9-

Geographic Distribution Optimal conditions Tropics/subtropics Warm, humid environment Some worldwide M. canis, M. nanum, T. mentagrophytes,T. verrucosum, T. equinum Some regionally limited Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 10-

Transmission
Slide 11-

Transmission Contact with: Arthrospores Asexual spores formed in the hyphae of the parasitic stage Conidia Sexual or asexual spores formed in the “free-living” environmental stage Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 12-

Transmission Growing hairs or skin are infected Contains essential nutrients Modes of transmission Contact with infected animals/humans Airborne hairs/scales Fomites Soil Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 13-

Disease in Humans
Slide 14-

Clinical Signs Incubation period: 1 to 2 weeks Dermatophytes grow only in keratinized tissues Hair, nails, outer skin layers Clinical signs vary by region affected Pruritus Skin lesions Hair loss Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 15-

Morbidity and Mortality Infections are common Exact prevalence unknown More common in children Most infections not serious Immunosuppressed individuals Atypical, locally aggressive lesions Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 16-

Tinea capitis Children Hair and scalp Areas of alopecia May be suppurative Lymph nodes may be enlarged Anthropophilic and zoophilic causes T. tonsurans most common Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 17-

Tinea corporis Classic “ringworm” Trunk, extremities, face Elevated, scaly, pruritic lesions with erythematous edge Anthropophilic and zoophilic causes T. rubrum most common Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 18-

Tinea barbae Beard and mustache area Scaling, follicular pustules Erythema Anthropophilic or zoophilic causes T. verrucosum most common Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 19-

Tinea faciei Non-bearded parts of face Pruritic May resemble tinea corporis Atypical presentation Often confused with other skin diseases T. tonsurans most common Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 20-

Tinea cruris Groin Burning and pruritus Pustules and vesicles at active edge of infected area Red scaling lesions with raised borders Usually anthropophilic E. floccosum Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 21-

Tinea pedis “Athlete’s foot” Fissures, scales, and maceration in the toe web Scaling of soles Usually anthropophilic T. rubrum most common Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 22-

Tinea manuum Hands Palms diffusely dry, scaly, and erythematous Usually anthropophilic May be an extension of Athlete’s foot T. rubrum most common Occasionally zoophilic Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 23-

Tinea unguium Nails Thickened, discolored, broken Nail plate may separate from nail bed Anthropophilic or zoophilic T. rubrum most common Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 24-

Disease in Animals
Slide 25-

Species Affected All domestic animals are susceptible to dermatophytes Dogs and cats Cattle Sheep and goats Horses Swine Rodents, rabbits Birds Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 26-

Clinical Signs Incubation period: 7 days to 4 weeks As in humans, dermatophytes grow only in keratinized tissues Clinical signs Alopecia Scaling, crusts Erythema, pruritus “Ringworm” appearance uncommon Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 27-

Morbidity and Mortality Small animals Prevalence rates vary widely Cats > dogs Subclinical infection in cats Livestock Cold climates, animal condition, grooming behaviors Young > old Generally self-limiting Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 28-

Dogs Puppies Small circles of alopecia Pale skin scales in center Develops a crust in later stages M. canis most common Usually self-limiting Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 29-

Cats Often subclinical Longhaired cats Kittens symptomatic Focal alopecia Grooming behaviors spread infection M. canis most common Self-limiting (short-haired cats) Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 30-

Cattle Small focal lesions to extensive, generalized skin involvement Gray-white, crusty dry areas Alopecia T. verrucosum most common Usually self- limiting Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 31-

Horses Most lesions found in areas of contact with saddles or other tack Pruritus Alopecia, thickened skin May resemble papular urticaria T. equinum most common Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 32-

Sheep and Goats Show lambs Circular, alopecic areaswith thick scabs on thehead, neck, and face Widespread lesionsunder wool T. verrucosummost common Usually self-limiting Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 33-

Swine Wrinkled lesionscovered by thin,brown, easilyremoved scab Often asymptomaticin adult swine M. nanum most common Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 34-

Rodents, Rabbits Rodents Often asymptomatic Alopecia, erythema, scales Rabbits Young animals Focal alopecia, erythema, crusts, scabs around eyes, nose, ears, and feet T. mentagrophytes most common Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 35-

Birds Alopecia Especially head and neck Scaling Auto-mutilation Feather plucking T. gallinae most common Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 36-

Post-Mortem Lesions Post-mortem lesions identical to those of live animals Restricted to: Hair Nails Superficial skin Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 37-

Prevention and Control
Slide 38-

Diagnosis Wood’s lamp examination Detects fluorescence Potassium hydroxide microscopy Detects hyphae and conidia in skin scrapings or hair Fungal cultures Required to identify organism Skin or nail biopsies Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 39-

Treatment Treatment Systemic antifungals Topical lotions or shampoos Animals Disease usually self-limiting Treatment speeds recovery, decreases risk of transmission to others Onychomycosis difficult to cure Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 40-

Prevention Control of animal disease Isolate and treat infected animals, disinfect premises and fomites Culture newly acquired animals Wear appropriate PPE Gloves and protective clothing when in contact with infected animals Vaccines M. canis vaccine for cats Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 41-

Disinfection Susceptible to: Benzalkonium chloride Household bleach Strong detergents Must remove keratin-containing material before disinfection Shed skin, hairs Vacuuming Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 42-

Additional Resources World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) www.oie.int U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) www.aphis.usda.gov Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/divisions/dfbmd/diseases/dermatophytes/ Center for Food Security and Public Health www.cfsph.iastate.edu Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 43-

Acknowledgments Development of this presentation was made possible through grants provided to the Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Iowa Homeland Security and Emergency Management Division, and the Multi-State Partnership for Security in Agriculture. Authors: Kerry Leedom Larson, DVM, MPH, PhD; Anna Rovid Spickler, DVM, PhD Reviewer: Cheryl L. Eia, JD, DVM, MPH; Glenda Dvorak, DVM, MPH, DACVPM Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011