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Neurotransmitters and The Synapse PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Neurotransmitters and The Synapse”.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about neurotransmitters and the Synapse.Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons in the brain and nervous system. They are released by the presynaptic neuron into the synapse, which is the small gap between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons. The neurotransmitter then binds to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, which can trigger a response in that neuron.

The process of neurotransmission begins when an action potential, or an electrical impulse, travels down the axon of the presynaptic neuron. This impulse triggers the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic terminal into the synapse. The neurotransmitters then diffuse across the synapse and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.

Tags : neurotransmitters, Synapse, neurons, nervous system, presynaptic neuron, postsynaptic neurons, Neurology, Neurology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Jun 20, 2023 | Views : 1602 | Downloads : 1

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Slide 1-

Neurotransmitters and The Synapse
Slide 2-

Synapse: unique junction that mediates information flow from one neuron to another or effector cell… huh?
Slide 3-

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Slide 4-

Most synapses occur between axon of one nerve and the dendrite of another… BUT
Slide 5-

Pre vs Post Presynaptic neuron- carries impulse towards a synapse “Sender” Postsynaptic neuron- carries impulse away from a synapse “receiver”
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Slide 7-

TWO TYPES: A. electrical synapse B. chemical synapse
Slide 8-

Electrical Synapse Allow current carrying ions to flow directly from one neuron to the next Found in the brain, limited in adulthood Most are replaced by chemical synapses
Slide 9-

Chemical Synapses -release/reception of neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters act to open/close ion channels
Slide 10-

Anatomy of the chemical synapse axonal terminal synaptic vesicles receptor region synaptic cleft
Slide 11-

Information Transfer Across Chemical Synapses 1. Calcium gates open in the presynaptic axonal terminal Depolarization causes voltage-gated Ca2+ channels to open
Slide 12-

2. Neurotransmitter is released Direct result of calcium being present Exocytosis
Slide 13-

3. Neurotransmitter binds to post-synaptic receptors 4. Ion channels open in the post-synaptic membrane Boom!
Slide 14-

Neurotransmitters -language of the nervous system -50 known NT
Slide 15-

Classification 1. Acetylcholine (ACh) -first identified, best understood 2. Biogenic Amines Include: dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, histamine and serotonin
Slide 16-

3. Amino Acids 4. Peptides (neuropeptides) substance P, endorphins, 5. Novel Messengers ATP Nitric Oxide Carbon Monoxide
Slide 17-

Synthesis of Neurotransmitters