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Brain Tumor PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Brain Tumor”.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about brain tumor, an abnormal growth of cells in the brain. These tumors can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Brain tumors can arise from any type of cell found in the brain, such as nerve cells, glial cells, or meningeal cells.

Symptoms of a brain tumor may vary depending on the size, location, and type of tumor. Common symptoms include headaches, seizures, changes in vision or hearing, weakness or numbness on one side of the body, and difficulty with speech or memory.

Diagnosis of a brain tumor typically involves a combination of imaging tests, such as MRI or CT scans, and a biopsy to obtain a sample of the tumor tissue for analysis.

Treatment options for a brain tumor depend on the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patients overall health. Treatment may include surgery to remove the tumor, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments.

Its important to note that not all brain tumors are cancerous, and not all brain tumors require treatment. Your doctor will work with you to develop a personalized treatment plan based on your specific case.

Tags : Brain Tumor, Neurology, Neurology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Jun 20, 2023 | Views : 2141 | Downloads : 0

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Slide 1-

Brain Tumor 101 Presented by [NAME]
Slide 2-

Brain Tumor Impact in the United States More than 79,000 new cases of primary brain tumors will be diagnosed this year More than 4,800 children between the ages of 0 – 19 will be diagnosed with a brain tumor this year Brain and central nervous system tumors are the most common cancers among children 0 – 14 Almost 700,000 people in the U.S. are living with a primary brain or central nervous system tumor This year, nearly 17,000 people will lose their battle with a brain tumor More than 100 types of brain tumors exist Information provided by the CBTRUS http://www.cbtrus.org/factsheet/factsheet.html
Slide 3-

Brain Tumors Defined
Slide 4-

What is a brain tumor? A collection of abnormal cells that grows in the brain or central spine canal One abnormal cell becomes two, two becomes four, four becomes eight,until there is a lump of abnormal cells
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How do tumors form? Research is still trying to determine Multiple insults to the cell? One big hit? Compromised immune system? Cell-to-cell communications?
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Other terms Tumor Other terms Neoplasm Lesion Space occupying mass
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Common signs and symptoms of a brain tumor unusual headaches seizure(s) memory, personality, or behavior changes inability to process incoming information correctly visual changes: blurred vision, double vision change in motor control
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Symptoms – correspond to tumor location and size & type of tumor
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How brain tumors are diagnosed - MRI MRI scanning remains the gold standard CT scan for emergencies, then MRI
Slide 10-

Diagnosis continued… Surgery/tissue samples still most reliable method Biomarkers in tissue and bodily fluids are being used to confirm diagnosis
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Two broad categories of brain tumors Primary Brain Tumors in U.S. begin in the brain, tend to stay in the brain incidence = nearly 79,000 diagnosed annually 4,800 are children Prevalence = nearly 700,000 people “benign versus malignant” and everything between Metastatic Brain Tumors in the U.S. begin as a cancer elsewhere which spreads to the brain always malignant
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Imaging - Primary and Metastatic
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Metastatic brain tumors “Type” = the site of the primary cancer Single or multiple tumors Patients tend to receive treatment for metastatic brain tumor by oncologist who treated primary site, or a neuro- oncologist who specializes in brain tumors.
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Primary brain tumors Begin in the brain Over 100 types “Type” determined by cell type; classification changing to biologic differences The biology provides clues as to why some people do better than others Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) tracks the incidence of brain tumors
Slide 15-

Is it cancer? Primary tumors: Benign versus Malignant
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Tumor grading International grading system by WHO Graded I – IV Grade I – least malignant, slow growth Grade II – slow growing, but can spread, some recurrence Grade III – faster growing, “malignant,” often recurrence Grade IV – fastest, most aggressive Tumor may contain several “grades” of cells at once
Slide 17-

Most common primary brain tumors Meningioma Gliomas Low Grade Astrocytoma Malignant Astrocytoma Glioblastoma Oligodendroglioma Medulloblastoma, Ependymoma, Pilocytic Astrocytoma (more common in children)
Slide 18-

Meningioma Most common type of primary tumorArises from the meninges = the lining of the brain Google Images, www.student.bmj.com (Left is right, right is left, bone is bright white)
Slide 19-

Malignant Glioma Gliomas arise from the glial, or “gluey,” parts of the brain Different types of gliomas = astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, mixed gliomas (Left is right, right is left, bone is bright white, malignant tumor with contrast dye is grey) Midline shift, Google Images, http://www.ispub.com/xml/journals/ija/vol8n2/pregnant-fig1.jpg
Slide 20-

Anaplastic Astrocytoma High grade tumor, pre-treatment(Left is right, right is left) http://radiopaedia.org/cases/anaplastic-astrocytoma-who-grade-iii
Slide 21-

Glioblastoma
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Who is Most Affected by Brain Tumors? Brain tumors do not discriminate But, different tumor types at different ages
Slide 23-

Common tumors by age
Slide 24-

Common tumors by age continued…
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How are brain tumors treated? Surgery to remove tumor bulk Radiation to disable cell reproduction/shrink the tumor Chemotherapy to either kill tumor cells or interfere with their growth
Slide 26-

Where are new treatments headed? Neuronavigation setup with VarioGuide™, courtesy BrainLab
Slide 27-

Where new treatments are headed cont. Enhanced tumor cell visibility/visualizing single cells live imaging and treatment during surgery Highly focused radiation, radiation enhancers Targeted drug therapies, “Repurposed” drugs Low intensity, intermediate frequency, alternating electric fields that disrupt cell growth Immune system enhancing drugs Combination diagnostics and therapeutics Biomarkers
Slide 28-

Prognosis Definition: Prediction of how long someone may live with a tumor Benign tumors = greatest predictor of survival is extent of tumor removal/likelihood of recurrence, long term survival impacted by QOL Malignant tumors = greatest predictor is age (< 45), amount of tumor removed, type of tumor/biologic activity, functional status Why may one GBM be different than the next? general health/co-morbidities and location
Slide 29-

Effects on patients with Malignant Tumors neurocognition – slower processing poor attention short term memory lack of abstract thinking ability changes in personality/judgment fatigue headaches left/right, up/down confusion visual changes/lack of depth perception
Slide 30-

Effects on patients with Benign Tumors “But you look fine to me” fatigue math, reading challenges short term memory issues employment/job related challenges balance, walking challenges personality/mood changes
Slide 31-

Effects on the family change of traditional roles single parenting in a two parent household loss of relationships as they existed caregiving/caretaking/safety responsibilities fear of seizures fear of personality/behavior changes fear of the unknown fear of the future “care of the caregiver” takes second or third place
Slide 32-

Recap Tumors that begin in the brain are called ____________ brain tumors. What is the annual incidence of brain tumors? Name two common types of brain tumors. What is the most common type of primary brain tumor? How are brain tumors diagnosed? Treated? What are some of the effects of a brain tumor?
Slide 33-

Contact information Phone: 1-800-886-ABTA (2282) Email: abtacares@abta.org Online: www.abta.org www.facebook.com/theABTA www.twitter.com/theABTA