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Hypertension PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : hypertension causes , prevention, management

Tags : hypertension

Published on : Apr 23, 2021 | Views : 5972 | Downloads : 14

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HYPERTENSION SHALINI S B.Sc (Nursing) II Year College of Nursing Madras Medical College Chennai - 600003
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High blood pressure or hypertension, is when the force of the blood pushing on the blood vessel walls is too high.
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Know your blood pressure
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MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION
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Take high fibre foods
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Physical Activities
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Reduce Body Weight
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Avoid Alcohol / Smoking
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Stress management
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Pharmacological Management
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Thiazide diuretics Diuretics called Water pills are medications that acts on kidneys and promote diuresis by inhibiting the sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of a nephron , ascending limb and loop of henle. Chlorothiazide , furosemide.
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors ACE inhibitors help relax blood vessels by blocking the formation of a natural chemical that narrows blood vessels lisinopril (Zestril), benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten) Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) These medications help relax blood vessels by blocking the action, not the formation, of a natural chemical that narrows blood vessels. candesartan (Atacand), losartan (Cozaar)
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Calcium channel blockers Calcium channel blockers lower your blood pressure by preventing calcium from entering the cells of your heart and arteries and inturn allows blood vessels to relax and open. amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac) Alpha blockers These medications reduce nerve impulses to blood vessels, reducing the effects of natural chemicals that narrow blood vessels. Alpha blockers include doxazosin (Cardura), prazosin (Minipress). Beta blockers These medications reduce the workload on your heart and open your blood vessels, causing your heart to beat slower and with less force. Beta blockers include acebutolol (Sectral), atenolol (Tenormin)
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Alpha-beta blockers In addition to reducing nerve impulses to blood vessels, alpha-beta blockers low the heartbeat to reduce the amount of blood that must be pumped through the vessels Alpha-beta blockers include carvedilol (Coreg) and labetalol (Trandate). Vasodilators preventing the muscles from tightening and your arteries from narrowing. Other medications Aldosterone antagonists Renin inhibitors Central-acting agents
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NURSING MANAGEMENT
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GOAL The goal of nursing management is to help achieve a normal blood pressure through independent and dependent interventions. Nursing Assessment Measuring Blood pressure Obtain Complete medical history of a patient Attention to the rate, rhythm, and character of the apical and peripheral pulses Assessing Dietary habits
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Diagnosis Deficient knowledge regarding the relation between the treatment plan and control of the disease process Risk for decreased cardiac output related to increased afterload , vasoconstriction , myocardial ischemia , ventricular hypertrophy. Acute pain headache related to increased cerebral vascular pressure Risk-prone health behaviour related to condition requiring change in lifestyle Risk for activity intolerance related to imbalance between oxygen supply and demand
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Nursing Care Plan and Goals Understanding of the disease process and its treatment. Participation in a self-care program. Absence of complications. BP within acceptable limits for individual. Cardiovascular and systemic complications prevented/minimized. Disease process and therapeutic regimen understood. Necessary lifestyle changes initiated.
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Nursing Priorities Maintain cardiovascular functioning , Prevent complications. Provide information about disease process and treatment plan. Nursing Interventions Encourage the patient to consult a dietitian Encourage restriction of sodium and fat Implement regular physical activity. Advise patient to limit alcohol consumption and avoidance of tobacco
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Evaluation At the end of the treatment regimen, the following are expected to be achieved: Maintain blood pressure at less than 140/90 mmHg with lifestyle modifications and medications Exhibits no complications, Measures blood pressure routinely Has stable Blood ,Urea , Nitrogen and serum creatinine levels Has palpable peripheral pulses Abstains from tobacco and alcohol / Exercises regularly 💃🏃/Adheres to the dietary plan.
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