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Diseases of Peach PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : powerpoint presentation of peach diseaeses

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Published on : Dec 16, 2023 | Views : 1238 | Downloads : 0

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Diseases Of Peach Submitted by : Satbeer Singh 20101052 20110012450
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Importance of understanding diseases for crop health and yield Prevention and Control: Knowledge about diseases helps in preventing and controlling their spread. Early identification allows for timely interventions. Yield Protection: Diseases can significantly reduce crop yield. Economic Impact: Diseases can cause massive economic losses for farmers and the agricultural industry as a whole. Food Security: Healthy crops contribute to food security by ensuring a consistent and reliable food supply. Research and Innovation: Understanding diseases fosters research and innovation in developing new techniques, technologies, and crop varieties.
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Introduction Scientific name: Prunus persica Family: Rosaceae Chromosome no: 2n=16 Origin: China Temperate climate Chilling period below 7°C for breaking dormancy and flowering
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Common diseases in peach PEACH LEAF CURL BROWN ROT BACTERIAL LEAF SPOT
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PEACH LEAF CURL Fungal Disease Pathogen Taphrina deformans SYMPTOMS Yellow or reddish raised areas Leaves develop white powder(spores of fungus) on them
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BROWN ROT Brown rot is one of the most destructive diseases of peach and also occurs on other stone fruits such as apricot, cherry, and plum. When environmental conditions favor this disease, crop loss can be devastating Fungal Disease Causal Organism: Monilinia fructicola Symptoms Begins at bloom Diseased flowers wilt, turn brown, and may become covered with masses of brownish-gray spores. Fruit infections appear as soft brown spots which rapidly expand and produce a tan powdery mass of conidia. The fungus may move from diseased blossoms or fruit into the spurs and later cause cankers the twigs.
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Brown rot on peach fruits The brown rot fungus sporulating on a mature peach Peach mummies, are the most significant source of overwintering brown rot fungal inoculum Leaves dying on a nectarine shoot due to brown rot fungus and symptomatic fruit
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Survival and spread: Spread of the fungal spores to new infection sites occurs by wind and rain-splash. Insects, such as honeybees or beetles, may also transport the fungal inoculum to new infection sites. The cankered shoots serve as a bridge in the disease cycle, allowing the brown rot fungus a means of survival during and between growing seasons. Control Measures: Sanitation: All dropped and rotted fruit should be picked up and destroyed promptly Remove wild or neglected stone fruit trees that serve as reservoirs for the disease. Fruit should be cooled and refrigerated (as close to 0 degrees C as possible) immediately after harvest. The use of fungicide is an important part of the disease management program for brown rot. Control of insects that feed on fruit is essential. Remember that anything that causes wounding of the fruit will increase the incidence of brown rot. Special care should be taken during harvesting and packing to prevent puncturing or bruising of ripe fruit.
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BACTERIAL LEAF SPOT Causal Agent: Xanthomonas campestris Disease Symptoms: Leaf Lesions: Small, water-soaked spots on leaves, initially appearing as angular lesions with a translucent center and a dark margin. Leaf Discoloration: Lesions turn brown to black as they age, sometimes leading to premature leaf drop. Fruit Lesions: Occasionally, the bacteria can infect fruit, causing similar lesions or spots on the surface.
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Survival and Spread: Bacterial leaf spot spreads through water, rain, or irrigation, as well as through tools or practices that come in contact with infected plant parts. Warm, moist conditions are conducive to its spread. Impact: Severe infections can lead to defoliation, reducing the tree's ability to produce energy and affecting fruit quality and yield. The disease is more prevalent in regions with high humidity or frequent rainfall. .
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Control Measures: Site Selection: Opt for well-draining soil and good air circulation in the orchard. Pruning: Properly prune trees to encourage air movement and reduce humidity within the canopy. Monitoring: Regularly inspect trees for symptoms and apply treatments preventatively Sanitation: Remove and destroy infected plant parts promptly. Copper-Based Sprays: Apply copper-based bactericides before bud break and during the growing season, adhering to local regulations and recommended dosage. Avoid Overhead Irrigation: Minimize water splash and moisture on leaves, as this can aid in disease spread. Plant Resistant Varieties: Consider planting cultivars known for resistance to bacterial leaf spot Bacterial Leaf Spot
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STRAWBERRY Scientific name: Fragaria × ananassa Family: Rosaceae Origin: France
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Diseases of Strawberry Leaf spots Grey mould Powdery mildew Red core