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Bleeding Disorders PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Bleeding Disorders” by Dr. Farjah H.AlGahtani.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about bleeding disorders, a group of medical conditions characterized by the inability of the blood to clot properly. This can result in excessive bleeding and bruising, even from minor injuries. There are several types of bleeding disorders, including Hemophilia, Von Willebrand Disease, Platelet disorders, and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC).

Treatment for bleeding disorders depends on the specific condition and its severity. Treatment may include replacement of missing clotting factors, medications to help increase clotting, and sometimes surgery or other interventions. It is important for individuals with bleeding disorders to work closely with a healthcare provider to manage their condition and prevent complications.

Tags : Bleeding Disorders, Hemophilia, Von Willebrand Disease, Platelet disorders, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Hematology, Hematology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : May 29, 2023 | Views : 1304 | Downloads : 0

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Slide 1-

Bleeding Disorders Dr. Farjah H.AlGahtani Assistant Professor of Internal Medicin,Consultant Hematology Director of transfusin Medicin and Blood Bank Department,KSU
Slide 2-

Hemostasis BV Injury Platelet Aggregation Platelet Activation Blood Vessel Constriction Coagulation Cascade Stable Hemostatic Plug Fibrin formation Reduced Blood flow Damage/contact. Primary hemostatic plug Neural CBC-Plt BT,(CT) PT PTT Platelet study Antibody tests Factor Assay Contact
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HEMOSTASIS Primary Hemostasis Blood vessel contraction Platelet Plug Formation Secondary Hemostasis Activation of Clotting Cascade Deposition & Stabilization of Fibrin Tertiary Hemostasis Dissolution of Fibrin Clot Dependent on Plasminogen Activation
Slide 4-

Classification: Disorders of Blood vessels Scurvy, senile purpura, Henoch-Schonlein syndrome. Disorders of Platelets Thrombocytopenia ITP, TTP, HUS, DIC. Aspirin therapy, Thrombasthenia, Disorders of Coagulation Extrinsic, intrinsic, combined. Other disorders Post transfusion purpura, MPS, MDS.
Slide 5-

Tests of Hemostasis: Screening tests: Bleeding.T - 10m. Platelet & BV function Prothrombin.T – Extrinsic, aPTT – Instrinsic Thrombin.T – common path. (DIC) Specific tests: Factor assays – hemophilia. Tests of thrombosis – TT, FDP, DDA, Platelet function studies: Adhesion, Aggregation, Release tests. Bone Marrow study
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Bleeding: Clinical Features Local - Vs - General, spontaneous . . Hematoma / Joint Bleeds- Coag Skin / Mucosal Bleeds – PLT wound / surgical bleeding – Immediate - PLT Delayed - Coagulation
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Platelet Coagulation Petechiae, Purpura Hematoma, Joint bl.
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Vascular disorders: Petechiae, purpura, ecchymoses senile purpura vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) Connective tissue disorders Infections – Meningococcus Henoch-Schonlein Purpura-Immu
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Senile Purpura
Slide 10-

Petechiae in Vasculitis (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura Immune disorder Children Follows infection Petechiae with edema and itching.
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura 20y Male, fever, painful symmetric polyarthritis for a day. During the next two days, edema and palpable purpura developed.
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Platelet Disorders - Features: Mucocutaneous bleeding Petechiae, Purpura, Ecchymosis. spontaneous bleeding after trauma CNS bleeding (severe  plt) Prolonged bleeding time (BT)
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BLEEDING TIME vs. PLATELET COUNT
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Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) Acute - children (post infection) Chronic - adults ( females, 20-40 yrs) autoimmune disorder antiplatelet antibodies (IgG) IgG coated platelets removed by spleen Usually  megakaryocytes in BM
Slide 17-

Platelet dysfunction: Inherited Disorders: Bernard-Soulier disease large platelets, failure of adhesion Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia normal size, failure of aggregation Acquired Disorders: Drugs - Aspirin, Alcohol, Uremia,
Slide 18-

Platelet Aggregation Curves
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Von-Willebrand Disease: Coagulation + PLT disorder: Congenital disorder Deficiency of vWF molecule Part of FVIII, Mediates platelet adhesion Prolonged Bleeding time Low Factor VIII & long aPTT Mucocutaneous bleeding
Slide 20-

Von-Willebrand Disease vWF: F-VIII & PLT function. Defective Platelet Adhesion Skin Bleeding Prolonged Bleeding time. Low Factor VIII levels.
Slide 21-

Coagulation disorders: Deficiencies of Clotting factors Onset - delayed after trauma Deep bleeding Into joints - Hemarthroses Into deep tissues – Hematoma large skin bleed – Ecchymoses
Slide 22-

Blood Coagulation & Tests
Slide 23-

CT- Large hematoma of psoas muscle
Slide 24-

Coagulation Disorders Laboratory findings: Normal bleeding time & Platelet count Prolonged prothrombin time (PT) deficiencies of II, V, VII, X Prolonged time (aPTT) all factors except VII, XIII Mixing studies - normal plasma corrects PT or aPTT
Slide 25-

Factor VIII Deficiency Classic hemophilia (hemophilia A) X-linked disorder (affects 1º males) Most common - severe bleeding Spontaneous hematomas < 1, 5, 75% Abnormal aPTT – Intrinsic path. Diagnosis - factor VIII assay Treatment - factor VIII concentrate Cryoprecipitate (less desirable)
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Factor IX Deficiency Christmas disease (Hemophilia B) X-linked recessive disorder Indistinguishable from classic hemophilia (F VIII) Requires evaluation of factor VIII and IX activity levels to diagnose Treatment - factor IX concentrate Cryoprecipitate if factor IX unavailable
Slide 27-

Secondary Hemostatic Disorders Acquired coagulation disorder: Vitamin K deficiency - neonates - decreased intestinal flora and dietary intake - oral anticoagulants (coumadin) - fat malabsorption syndromes Required for factors II, VII, IX, X Prolonged PT and aPTT
Slide 28-

Combined Primary and Secondary Hemostatic Disorders (DIC) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Major pathologic processes - obstetric complications, neoplasms, infection (sepsis), major trauma Primary - platelet consumption ( bleeding time,  platelets) Secondary - factor consumption ( PT, aPTT)
Slide 29-

Combined Primary and Secondary Hemostatic Disorders Severe Liver Disease Primary - dysfunctional platelets and/or thrombocytopenia ( BT) Secondary - decrease in all coagulation factors except vWF ( PT, aPTT) Vitamin K will promote synthesis of factors II, VII, IX, X
Slide 30-

Summary Hemostatic Disorders BT Plt PT PTT Vascular Dis -  - - - PLT Disorder -  -  - - Factor 8/9 *Congenital - - -  Vit K / Liver *Acquired - -  - Combined (DIC)   - 
Slide 31-

Summary
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CLL-Thrombocytopenia Lymphoid cells Smear cells (Fragile)
Slide 33-

Dengue Hemorrhagic fever Platelet deficiency..
Slide 34-

Thrombocytopenia-TTP
Slide 35-

Summary Complex system to keep blood fluid To block leakage on injury. BV, PLT & Coagulation Complex inhibitory mechanisms Complex thrombolysis mechanisms. Screening tests: BT, CT (PT, aPTT) Special tests: Factor assay, PLT function etc.
Slide 36-

Disorders of Hemostasis Vascular disorders – Scurvy, easy bruising, Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Platelet disorders Quantitative - Thrombocytopenia Qualitative - Platelet function disorders – Glanzmans Coagulation disorders Congenital - Haemophilia (A, B), Von-Willebrands Acquired - Vitamin-K deficiency, Liver disease Mixed/Consumption: DIC
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