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The Human Eye Structure PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "The Human Eye Structure” by Synek, S.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about the human eye, a complex organ that is responsible for the sense of sight. It is made up of several structures that work together to capture and process visual information. Here are the main parts of the human eye:

Cornea: The cornea is the clear, outermost layer of the eye that helps to focus incoming light.
Iris: The iris is the colored part of the eye that regulates the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil.
Pupil: The pupil is the black circular opening at the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.
Lens: The lens is a clear, flexible structure located behind the iris that helps to further focus incoming light.
Retina: The retina is the innermost layer of the eye that contains photoreceptor cells called rods and cones, which convert light into electrical signals that are sent to the brain.
Optic nerve: The optic nerve is a bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information from the retina to the brain.
Sclera: The sclera is the white outer covering of the eye that provides protection and support.
Choroid: The choroid is a layer of blood vessels that provides nutrients to the retina.
Aqueous humor: The aqueous humor is a clear, watery fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens.
Vitreous humor: The vitreous humor is a gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina.

Tags : human eye, Cornea, Iris, Pupil, Retina, Optic nerve, Sclera, Choroid, Aqueous humor, Vitreous humor, Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Jun 20, 2023 | Views : 3101 | Downloads : 4

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The Human Eye: Structures
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We will look at the following parts:
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Take notes on this page…
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CORNEA (clear lens in front of eye) transparent covering of the front of the eye Allows for the passage of light into the eye and functions as a fixed lens. PARTS: Cornea
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allows for the passage of light into the eye and it also focuses the light FUNCTION of Cornea
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Pupil size is controlled by iris muscles PUPIL (black hole) black hole in iris where light enters PARTS: Pupil
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the hole where light enters into the eye FUNCTION of Pupil
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THE EYE: PUPIL When the eye needs more light to enter (when it is dark), the pupils get larger; allowing more light to enter the eye
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THE EYE: PUPIL When the eye needs less light to enter (when it is very bright), the pupils get smaller; allowing less light to enter the eye
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The iris is a colored, circular muscle IRIS (colored part) colored part of eye controls light entering PARTS: Iris
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controls the amount of light entering the eye FUNCTION of Iris
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SCLERA – a tough white skin (made of tissue) that covers all of the eyeball except the cornea. SCLERA (white part) whites of the eye supports eyeball provides attachment for muscles PARTS: Sclera
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supports eyeball and provides attachment for muscles FUNCTION of Sclera
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LENS (lens behind pupil) converging lens allows us to see objects near and far PARTS: Lens
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allows us to see objects near and far FUNCTION of Lens
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RETINA internal membrane contains light-receptive cells (rods and cones) converts light to electrical signals PARTS: Retina
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converts light waves to electrical signals FUNCTION of Retina
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OPTIC NERVE Transmits electrical impulses from retina to the brain Creates blind spot Brain takes inverted image and flips it so we can see PARTS: Optic Nerve
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Transmits electrical signals from retina to the brain FUNCTION of Optic Nerve
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On retina where optic nerve leads back into the brain No rod or cone cells Other eye compensates for this area PARTS: Blind Spot BLIND SPOT
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Try this test to prove you have a blind spot… FUNCTION of Blind Spot Small spot on the back of the retina Other eye compensates for this area
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On retina where optic nerve leads back into the brain No rod or cone cells Other eye compensates for this area Try this test to prove you have a blind spot… PARTS THE EYE: Blind Spot
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Blind Spot (Optic Disk) Close your right eye and look directly at the number 3. Can you see the yellow spot in your peripheral vision? Now slowly move towards or away from the screen. At some point, the yellow spot will disappear.
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Your 2 Lenses: Cornea and Lens There are two lenses in your eye, the cornea and the lens. The cornea, the front surface of the eye, does most of the focusing in your eye The lens provides adjustable fine-tuning of the focus
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How Your Lens Focuses Your lens has a small depth of field You can't see something close and far with both objects in focus at the same time Hold out your thumb about a foot away from your eye Then, alternately focus on thumb and me (right above your thumb) Note that you cannot see both me and your thumb sharply (in focus) at the same time You focus on one or the other by changing the bulge of your lens FUNCTIONS:
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less bulgy teacher is in focus thumb is out of focus
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Focusing Problems HYPEROPIA Far-sightedness Problem seeing close objects Distance between lens and retina too small Light focused behind retina Corrected with converging lenses
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Far-Sighted (Hyperopia)
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Focusing Problems PRESBYOPIA Form of far-sightedness Harder for people to read as they age Lens loses elasticity Corrected by glasses with converging lenses
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Focusing Problems MYOPIA Near-sightedness Problem seeing objects far away Distance between lens and retina too large Light focused in front of retina Correct with diverging lenses
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Near-Sighted (Myopia)
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Diseases of the Eye ASTIGMATISM Eye cannot focus an object’s image on a single point on retina Cornea is oval instead of spherical Causes blurred vision Some types can be corrected with lenses
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Diseases of the Eye GLAUCOMA Group of diseases Affects optic nerve - pressure Loss of ganglion cells Gradual loss of sight and eventual blindness Check eyes regularly Can be treated
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Diseases of the Eye CATARACTS Clouding forms in lens due to denaturing of lens protein Obstructs passage of light Caused by age, chronic exposure to UV, or due to trauma Removed by surgery
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Vision Correction CONTACT LENSES Artificial lens placed over cornea Same as glasses Corrects for both near and far-sightedness Also used for cosmetic purposes (eye colour, Hollywood)
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Videos “How Eyes Work: An Introduction” (10:48) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCn83DHC1Ug Bill Nye The Science Guy on the Eyeball (2:12) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFVbLnXWn6A “How the Human Eye Works” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fn6v3SkH0LI The Human Eye and How it Works (22:59) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=28NysX8JHDo
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Optical Illusions
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Can your eyes/brain be tricked?
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The Human Eye Your eyes are about to get a workout. Have you stretched your eye muscles yet? No? Then do that now!
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Are you seeing spots?
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Look at the cross for 10 seconds. What do you see?
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Are these lines bent….?
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…or straight?
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What shapes do you see?
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Subjective Contours Perception of contours where there really are none. Is it really there?
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Do you see the rabbit or the duck?
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Reading What is wrong withwith this sentence? Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit pclae. The rset can be a toatl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe.
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Read This Out Loud.
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Are You Sure? Read again.
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Blind Spot On retina where optic nerve leads back into the brain No rod or cone cells Other eye compensates for this area Try this test to prove you have a blind spot…
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Blind Spot (Optic Disk) Close your right eye and look directly at the number 3. Can you see the yellow spot in your peripheral vision? Now slowly move towards or away from the screen. At some point, the yellow spot will disappear.
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Now stare at the red dot with your right eye from 12 inches, covering your left eye with your left hand. Notice that the gap in the blue bar fills in (completes). Move your left hand to unblock your left eye and the gap re-appears.
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Close left eye and approach screen while staring at the letters…watch the dot!
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Optical Illusion Video Clips 10 Best Optical Illusions of 2014 (10:18) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VxTFGVp2R-8 Moving Illusions (10:47) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iw8idyw_N6Q