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The Ear PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical presentation on Ear, Nose, and Throat Facts, which is titled "The Ear", to know about the ear and its three parts External ear (Hearing; terminates at eardrum), Middle ear (Hearing; contains auditory ossicles), and Inner ear (Hearing and balance; interconnecting fluid-filled tunnels and chambers).

Tags : Ear, Nose, Throat Facts, parts, External ear, Middle ear, Inner ear

Published on : Jul 10, 2021 | Views : 1320 | Downloads : 2

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Slide 1-

15-1 Lecture 16 Sense Organs II: The Ear
Slide 2-

15-2 Basic Parts of the Ear External ear: Hearing; terminates at eardrum Middle ear: Hearing; contains auditory ossicles Inner ear: Hearing and balance; interconnecting fluid-filled tunnels and chambers Fig. 19.20
Slide 3-

15-3 External Ear Auricle or pinna: elastic cartilage External auditory canal Tympanic membrane External ear Middle ear Inner ear Auricle (pinna) External auditory canal Elastic cartilage Tympanic membrane Fig. 19.20
Slide 4-

15-4 Middle Ear Auditory or eustachian tube Opens into pharynx, equalizes pressure Ossicles: malleus, incus, stapes: transmit vibrations Oval window Fig. 19.21
Slide 5-

15-5 Inner Ear Labyrinth Bony Cochlea: Hearing Vestibule: Balance Semicircular canals: Balance Membranous Fig. 19.22 Lymphs Endolymph In membranous labyrinth Perilymph Space between membranous and bony labyrinth
Slide 6-

15-6 Structure of Cochlea Membranous labyrinth of cochlea Scala vestibuli (perilymph) Scala tympani (perilymph) Cochlear duct (endolymph) Fig. 19.27 Fig. 19.27
Slide 7-

15-7 Structure of Cochlea Spiral organ (organ of Corti) Hair cells Stereocilia (microvilli) Tectorial membrane Cochlear nerve Fig. 19.27
Slide 8-

15-8 Effect of Sound Waves on Cochlear Structures Fig. 19.28
Slide 9-

15-9 Balance Two structural and functional components of balance in inner ear Stationary Position and Linear Movement of Head Evaluates position of head relative to gravity Detects linear acceleration and deceleration Utricle and saccule Maculae: Consist of hair cells embedded in statoconic membrane containing otoliths Fig. 19.23
Slide 10-

15-10 Vestibule in Maintaining Balance Fig. 19.24
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15-11 Balance Rotational Movements of Head Evaluates movements of head (i.e. angular acceleration) 3 semicircular canals Ampulla Crista ampullaris Hair cells Cupula Vestibular nerve + Cochlear nerve = Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) Fig. 19.25
Slide 12-

15-12 Crista Ampullaris and Balance Fig. 19.26
Slide 13-

15-13 Review Question A person driving a car along a straight street suddenly sees an animal dart in front of the car. He slams on the brakes and manages to stop in time. The sensation of rapid deceleration is generated by the Bending of the microvilli of the spiral organ Movement of perilymph fluid in the vestibule Movement of the gelatinous covering over the maculae Movement of endolymph fluid in the semicircular canals Movement of the cupula
Slide 14-

15-14 Points to Remember Inner ear functions for hearing and balance. Sound waves enter the external auditory canal, impact tympanic membrane, vibrate middle ear ossicles, strike oval window, create waves in perilymph of scala vestibuli, increase pressure in endolymph in cochlear duct, membrane supporting hair cells vibrates, hair cells stimulated, vibrations transferred to perilymph of scala tympani, travel to round window and dampened.
Slide 15-

15-15 Points to Remember Static balance is orientation of body relative to pull of gravity - maculae of utricle and saccule (static labyrinth) are sense organs of static balance. Kinetic balance is maintenance of body position in response to movement - crista ampullaris in semicircular canals (kinetic labyrinth) are sense organs of kinetic balance.
Slide 16-

15-16 Questions?