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Overview of Colorectal Cancer PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical presentation on Colorectal Cancer, which is titled "Overview of Colorectal Cancer", to know about Colorectal Cancer.

Tags : Colorectal Cancer, Epidemiology, Overview

Published on : Jul 10, 2021 | Views : 1800 | Downloads : 3

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Slide 1-

Overview of Colorectal Cancer Maryland Department of Health & Mental Hygiene Cigarette Restitution Fund Program Center for Cancer Surveillance and Control Cigarette Restitution Fund Programs Unit
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Did you know that colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Maryland?
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What is colorectal cancer? Cancer that begins in the colon (bowel or large intestine) or rectum is known as colorectal cancer The colon is about 5 feet long. Colorectal cancer can occur any section of the colon or the rectum.
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How many people get colorectal cancer and die from it? It is estimated that about 149,000 people developed colorectal cancer and 50,000 died from the cancer in US in 2008* In Maryland in 2008: 2,920 individuals were projected to develop colorectal cancer and 940 estimated to die from the cancer * * American Cancer Society's Cancer Facts and Figures 2008
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Source: Maryland Cancer Registry, 1995-1999; SEER, National Cancer Institute, 1995-1999
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Source: Maryland Cancer Registry, 1995-1999 Black men Black women White men White women
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What causes colorectal cancer? It is not known exactly what causes colorectal cancer But there are risk factors that increase chances for colorectal cancer: Some risk factors cannot be changed---age, personal and family history Some risk factors can be changed or eliminated---tobacco use, obesity, inactivity
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What are the personal and family risk factors? Age More than 90% of colorectal cancer is found people ages 50 and over. Family history (in a mother, father, brother, sister, or child): Colorectal cancer Adenomatous polyps or “adenomas”
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Personal history of: Colorectal cancer Adenomatous polyps or “adenomas” An adenoma is a growth that can turn into cancer Ovarian or endometrial cancer before age 50 Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis and Crohn colitis Source: NCI Source: American Cancer Society What are the personal and family risk factors (cont.)?
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Other risk factors Other risk factors for colorectal cancer include: Smoking Diets high in fat Obesity in premenopausal women Source: American Cancer Society
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Race and colorectal cancer Compared to Caucasians, African-Americans… Develop colon cancer at a younger age Have decreased access to screening Have more ‘aggressive’ colon cancer Have a reduced response to chemotherapy for advanced disease Have reduced survival (30% mortality increase) Am J Gastroenterol 100:515, 2005
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What are the signs and symptoms for colorectal cancer? Early stages of colorectal cancer may have NO signs or symptoms. If signs and symptoms are present, they may include: Bleeding from the rectum or blood in the stool Marked change in bowel habits Abdominal mass Abdominal cramps or pain Iron deficiency anemia that is not due to other conditions Source: American Cancer Society
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Who should be screened for colorectal cancer? People ages 50 and over People under 50 with: Personal or family risk factors Source: American Cancer Society Colorectal Cancer Screening Saves Lives!
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How do we test for colorectal cancer? Tests used to look for colorectal cancer: Colonoscopy Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) Double contrast barium enema Other Source: Oncolink
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Current CRC Screening Status of Marylander’s >50 years old Maryland Cancer Survey, 2004 *UTD—Up to date per Am. Cancer Society options for screening
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Current CRC Screening Status of Marylander’s >50 years old Maryland Cancer Survey, 2006 *UTD—Up to date per Am. Cancer Society options for screening
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People reporting a provider’s recommendation for endoscopy… got screened Percent Screened with Endoscopy Source: Maryland Cancer Survey, 2008 Provider
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Colonoscopy Colonoscopy: doctor uses a flexible tube with a light to look inside your large intestine (colon or guts).
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Colonoscopy (cont.) Colonoscopy looks at the whole colon to find and remove polyps or to find cancer. The procedure takes about 30 minutes unless polyps need to be removed. Source: American Cancer Society
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Different types of polyps Sessile polyp Sessile polyp Tubulovillous adenoma Biopsy forceps
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Different types of adenomas Sessile polyp Tubular adenoma Sessile polyp Tubulovillous adenoma Polyp removal
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What should I do to get ready for colonoscopy? Bowel Preparation: Before colonoscopy, the colon must be clean so the doctor can see inside the entire colon. Clear liquid diet one to two days before the test Laxatives to eliminate stool from the colon
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Clean colon showing adenomas Pedunculated polyp Tubular adenoma Pedunculated polyp Tubular adenoma
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What about during and after colonoscopy? Just before the test, you will be given medications to relax you. After the test, you will need someone to take you home. Although the procedure is safe, colonoscopy involves slight risk (bleeding, perforation).
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Can I reduce my risk for colorectal cancer? You can reduce your risk for colorectal cancer: Get screened for colorectal cancer Achieve and maintain a healthy weight Exercise at least 30 minutes on five or more days each week Eat at least five servings of vegetables and fruits each day Avoid tobacco and alcohol Source: American Cancer Society
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THE END Colorectal Cancer Screening Saves Lives!