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Orthopedic Emergencies PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Orthopedic Emergencies" by Patrick Sinclair, D.O., EMT-B.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about orthopedic emergencies, situations that require immediate medical attention due to injury or trauma to the bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, or muscles. These emergencies can be caused by accidents, sports injuries, falls, and other types of trauma. Some common orthopedic emergencies include:

Fractures: A fracture is a break or crack in a bone. It can occur in any bone in the body and can range from a small hairline fracture to a complete break.
Dislocations: A dislocation occurs when the bones in a joint are forced out of their normal position. This can be caused by a fall or other trauma and can result in severe pain and immobility.
Sprains and strains: A sprain is an injury to a ligament, while a strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon. These injuries can be caused by overuse or sudden twisting or stretching of a joint.
Compartment syndrome: Compartment syndrome is a serious condition that occurs when there is an excessive pressure buildup within a muscle compartment. This can cause nerve and muscle damage and may require emergency surgery.
Spinal cord injuries: Spinal cord injuries can occur from trauma to the neck or back, and can result in paralysis or other serious complications.
Open wounds and lacerations: Open wounds and lacerations can result in severe bleeding and may require emergency surgery to repair the damage.
Infections: Infections can occur in any part of the body, including bones and joints. These infections can be life-threatening and require immediate medical attention.

If you suspect that you or someone else is experiencing an orthopedic emergency, it is important to seek medical attention right away. Delaying treatment can result in further damage and complications.

Tags : Orthopedic Emergencies, bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, Fractures, Dislocations, Sprains, strains, Compartment syndrome, Spinal cord injuries, Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Jun 23, 2023 | Views : 2766 | Downloads : 15

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Slide 1-

Orthopedic Emergencies Patrick Sinclair, D.O., EMT-B
Slide 2-

Overview Sprains, strains, dislocations and fractures “VONCHOP” Vascular compromise Open fracture Neurologic deficit (cauda equina) Compartment Syndrome Hip dislocation Osteomyelitis (septic arthritis) Pelvic Fracture (unstable)
Slide 3-

WTF? A 33-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department after a motorcycle accident. Clinical examination of the intubated patient showed a hard, swollen, bluish scrotum and an externally rotated and slightly shortened left leg
Slide 4-

Strain vs. Sprain
Slide 5-

What Are We Getting At?
Slide 6-

Fractures: The Main Points Does one exist? Where is it located along the bone? Proximal, mid, distal Is it open or closed? Signs of Fracture Deformity False Motion Tenderness Locked Joint Guarding Pain Swelling Exposed Fragments Bruising Crepitus
Slide 7-

Fractures •Greenstick –An incomplete fracture that passes only partway through the shaft of a bone •Comminuted –A fracture in which the bone is broken into more than two fragments •Pathologic –A fracture of weakened or diseased bone
Slide 8-

More Fractures •Oblique –A fracture in which the bone is broken at an angle across the bone •Transverse –A fracture that occurs straight across the bone
Slide 9-

More Fractures •Spiral: suspicion of abuse in pediatrics –A fracture caused by a twisting force, causing an oblique fracture around the bone and through the bone •Incomplete –A fracture that does not run completely through the bone
Slide 10-

Splinting you can use pretty much anything you must immobilize the proximal and distal joint to effectively splint a fracture alway check PMS before and after!
Slide 11-

Visual Recap
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Dislocations Separation of two bones where they meet at a joint Shoulder, Elbow, Hip what are we primarily concerned about with a joint dislocation? Fracture and neurovascular compromise Treatment: always immobilize the joint in the position of comfort Pulse, Motor, Sensation! Crepitus and Point Tenderness of bony prominences!
Slide 15-

Shoulder Anterior (90-98%): caused by a blow to the posterior shoulder or abduction + external rotation + extension injury, most commonly seen in trauma Posterior (2-4%): direct blow from the anterior aspect of the shoulder or internal rotation + adduction + flexion injury, most commonly seen in seizures and electric shocks Inferior (~0.5%): usually a hyperabduction force which levers the humeral neck against the acromion or high energy force from above, usually associated with soft tissue injury or fracture
Slide 16-

Anterior Dislocation Presentation
Slide 17-

Posterior Dislocation Presentation
Slide 18-

Inferior Dislocation Presentation
Slide 19-

Elbow Dislocation usually due to a FOOSH mechanism (Fallen On an OutStretched Hand) most commonly posterolateral Presentation: elbow held at 45 degrees of flexion
Slide 20-

Hip Dislocation most commonly posterior dislocations often seen with knee-to-dashboard injuries one of the orthopedic emergencies as this must be reduced within 6hrs → high risk of avascular necrosis more likely to be seen in the setting of a hip replacement
Slide 21-

Compartment Syndrome an increase in the interstitial pressure over its capillary perfusion pressure due to the accumulation of necrotic debris and hemorrhage Acute causes: tibial or forearm fractures, ischemic reperfusion following injury, hemorrhage, vascular puncture, IV drug injection, casts, prolonged limb compression, crush injuries and burns. Chronic causes: exercise induced, usually not an emergency, goes away within 30 minutes of onset, but may lead to transient or permanent nerve damage, most commonly affects the anterior part of the leg (confused with shin splints)
Slide 22-

Compartment Syndrome The 6P’s Pain: out of proportion to clinical exam (most significant early sign) Pressure: Tense Swelling (Early consistent finding) Pain: With passive stretch Paralysis: muscle weakness Pulses: Present (Pale Toes) Paresthesia: Sensory Deficit (Usually Late)
Slide 23-

Where to Direct Your Trauma Assessment
Slide 24-

Why Pelvic Frx is So Concerning... Usually takes a tremendous amount of force The pelvis is highly vascularized One of the places you can lose a lot of blood without any obvious signs damage to the genitourinary system Major Assessment and Treatment make sure you “rock the pelvis” as part of your trauma assessment Apply pelvic binder
Slide 25-

Pelvic Binder In general, the literature demonstrates that in the hemodynamically stable, alert and oriented trauma patient with no distracting injury and no signs of pelvic fracture, pelvic stabilization is not required. if any of these criteria fail to be met, or you have a high enough suspicion you must apply a binder