Download Free Medical Lung Cancer PowerPoint Presentation

Lung Cancer PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Download Free Lung Cancer Professional PowerPoint Presentation for your presentation

Tags : lung cancer,cancer

Published on : Jun 06, 2017 | Views : 5195 | Downloads : 66

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

lolliwels

really helpful, gave me some great ideas for delivering this system, thank you!

Transcript

Slide 1-

Presented by Reem alssafar Lung cancer
Slide 2-

.most common fatal lung malignancy account for 95% of lung cancer .leading cause of cancer death. .peak incidence occur between ages 55-65 years . .there is a 3:1 male : female ratio. . Aetiology : - smoking is the most common aetiological factor. -others: passive smokers , exposure to asbestos, chromium , iron oxide and products of cool combustion Bronchial carcinoma
Slide 3-

There are 4 major types : 1- epidermiod [squamous] -35% 2- adeno carinema -30% 3- large cell carcinoma -15% 4- small cell lung cancer -20% Types:
Slide 4-

.occurs most frequently in men and old people .usually starts on one breathing tubes. .tend to be localized in the chest longer than other types of lung cancer. .does not tend to metastasize early. .It is strongly associated with smoking. Epidermiod carcinoma -35% :
Slide 5-

.most common cancer among women. .usually started near the outer edges of the lung. .Invasion of pleura and mediastinal lymph node is common. .may spread to other parts of the body. .can be seen in non smoker. Adenocarcinnoma-30%:
Slide 6-

.less well – differentiated. .may occur at any part of the lung. .Tumors are large by the time they are diagnosed. .has greater possibility of spreading to brain and mediastinum. Large cell carcinoma – 15% :
Slide 7-

.small cell lung cancer also called oatcell because SCLC cells have oat grain appearance. .It arises from endocrine cells [kulchitisky cells] where many hormones are secreted .spread to lymph nodes and other organs more quickly than NSCLC . Small cell lung cancer:
Slide 8-

.usually started in one larger breathing tube. .Tend to grow rapidly . .commonly has spread by the time and is considered a systemic disease. .It is the only one of the bronchial carcinomas that respond to chemotherapy
Slide 9-

.lung cancer may present in number of different ways : .most commonly symptoms reflect local involvement of the bronchus. .may also arise from spread to the chest wall or mediastinum or from distant blood-borne spread. presentations:
Slide 10-

1- cough ( in 80% of cases ) : - It is the most common early symptoms. - sputum is purulant if there is sec. infection. - A change in the character of the (regular cough) associated with other new respiratory symptoms increase the possibilityof B.C. Local effects of tumor within the bronchus :
Slide 11-

- Repeated episodes of scanty cough hemoptysis or blood - streaking of sputum in smokers are highly suggestive of B.C and should be always investigated . 2- Haemoptysis ( in 70% of cases) :
Slide 12-

3- Dyspnea ( 60% of cases ): - reflect occulusion of a large bronchus resulting in collapse of a lobe of the lung or development of plearal effusion. 4- Plearal pain : reflect malignant invasion of the pleura or reflect infection distal to a tumuor (wich is recurrent and fail to resolve).
Slide 13-

.Involvement of pleura and ribs . .Pancoast’s tumour: -involvement of lower part of the brachial plexus ( C8 , T1,T2) causing severe pain of the shoulder and down inner surface of the arm. -Horner syndrom: due to involvement of the sympathetic ganglion. Direct spread:
Slide 14-

-recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy : causing unilateral vocal cord paresis with hoarsness of voice and a bovine cough. .Invation of phrenic nerve , causing paralysis of the diaghragm.
Slide 15-

. Involvement of esophagus , causing dysphagia. . Cardiovascular:atrial fibrillation, temponade ,pericarditis ,pericardial effusion .
Slide 16-

. Superior vena cava obstruction causing early morning headache, facial congestion and edema involving the upper limb, distention of jugular vein and veins of the chest.
Slide 17-

1- Endocrine manifestation: 12% of tumors ,in particular small cell tumors present with SIADH, ACTH secretion(SCLC), hypercalcemia (sq.cell carcinoma) ,bone metastasis gynaecomastia (LCLC) . Nonmetastatic extra pulmonary manifistation:
Slide 18-

2- Neurological manifetation: e.g: sensory polyneuropathy ,myelopathy, cerebellar degeneration.
Slide 19-

3- Others: Digital clubbing , hypertrophic pulmenary osteo-arthropathy (sq.cell cancer) , nephrotic syndrom, DIC, hypercoagulopathy (adenocarcinoma), ,thrombophelibitis migricans.
Slide 20-

.Bony metastasis giving severe bony pain and pathalogical fractures. .liver metastasis (Jundice) .Brain metastasis (change in personality, epilpsy,focal neurological symptoms). Blood borne metastasis:
Slide 21-

Examination is usually normal unless there is significant bronchial obstruction or tumor has spread to pleura or mediastinum. Physical signs:
Slide 22-

1- physical signs of collapse (in large obstructing tumor) which may rise to pneumonia. 2- monophonic or unilateral wheeze (fixed bronchial obstruction). 3- stridor (obstruction at or above the lever of main carina.
Slide 23-

4- hoarsness of voice associated with bovine cough (recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy). 5- dullness percussion and absent breath sounds at the lung base (unilateral diaphragmatic palsy due to involvement of phrenic nerve)
Slide 24-

6- physical signs of pleursy or pleural effusion (involvement of pleura). 7- bilateral engorgement of the jangular vein and later edema affecting face, neck, arms. 8- tenderness and pain of long bone and joints (HPOA).
Slide 25-

. Sputum cytology: high yield for endobronchial tumors such as squamous cell and small cell carcinoma. Management Investigation:
Slide 26-

. chest x-ray: common radiological presentation of bronchial carcinoma. 1- unilateral hilar-enlagement. 2- peripheral pulmonary opacity. 3- lung, lobe or segmental collapse.
Slide 27-

4- pleural effusion . 5- broadening of the mediastinum, enlarged cardiac shadow, elevation of hemidiaphram. 6- rib distruction.
Slide 28-

. Pleural fluid cytology in pleural effusion . . Bronchoscopy : gives high yield in excess of 90% (allows biopsy and bronchial brush samples) if fail precautious fine needle aspiration under CT.
Slide 29-

.CT thorax and upper abdomen. .Head CT scan. .Radio nuclide bone scanning. .liver US. .bone marrow biobsy.
Slide 30-

1- surgery : in patient with localized disease and non-small cell cancer. 2- solitary pulmonary nodule , resection if : 1- age ≥ 35 2-segarette smoking. 3- large (>2 cm) lesion. 4-lack of cacification. 5-chest symptoms. 6- growth of lesion compared old CXR. Treatment:
Slide 31-

3 - for unresectable non-small cell cancer, metastatic disease, or refusal of surgery: radio therapy +chemo therapy may reduce death risk by 13% at 2 years.
Slide 32-

4 - small cell lung cancer : combination chemotherapy is standard mode of therapy with long-term survival. 5 - laser obliteration of tumor though bronchoscopy in presence of bronchial obstruction.
Slide 33-

6- Radio therapy for brain metastasis, spinal cord comprission, symptomatic mass, bone lesion. 7- Encourage cessation of smoking.
Slide 34-

-Parveen Kumar and Michael Clark,clinical medicine.fourth edition. -Davidsons;principles and practice of medicine ;19TH edition. -R.R Baliga, 250 cases in clinical medicine,international edition. -R.A.Hope, etal;Oxford hand book of clinical medicine,4TH edition References:
Slide 35-

Thank you