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Epigenetics PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Epigenetics".
This medical PowerPoint presentation talks about epigenetics, the study of changes in gene expression that occur without altering the underlying DNA sequence.
Epigenetics are usually heritable, meaning they can be passed down from one generation to the next. Epigenetic modifications can occur in response to environmental factors such as diet, stress, and exposure to toxins, and can have a profound impact on an individuals health and development.
The most well-known type of epigenetic modification is DNA methylation, which involves the addition of a methyl group to the DNA molecule. This modification can alter the accessibility of certain genes to the cellular machinery responsible for gene expression, and can therefore affect which genes are turned on or off in a given cell or tissue.
Other types of epigenetic modifications include histone modification, which involves changes to the proteins around which DNA is wrapped, and non-coding RNA molecules, which can also influence gene expression.

Tags : Epigenetics, DNA sequence, DNA methylation, DNA molecule, histone modification, Genetics, Genetics PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Mar 27, 2023 | Views : 1242 | Downloads : 0

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Slide 3-

What are epigenetics? Hodder & Stoughton © 2019 A modern definition of epigenetics involves the idea that, while genes are inherited, they only influence individual development if they are expressed. Gene expression depends on a range of factors including those in the environment Genes instruct cells how to function Epigenetic influences affect how and when cells read the genes
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How this works on a chemical level Hodder & Stoughton © 2019 DNA strands have tails. Whether the genetic material on this strand can be read is affected by two main factors acting on this tail. Methylation Adding a methyl group prevents the genes being read and effectively ‘turns off’ the genes. Acetylation Adding an acetyl group makes a DNA strand accessible and effectively turns it on.
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The epigenetics of intelligence Hodder & Stoughton © 2019 We have a good idea about one epigenetic influence on IQ Remember that intelligence is a complex issue. Epigenetic influence is just one part of a very complicated puzzle.
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Transgenerational epigenetics Hodder & Stoughton © 2019 The idea that epigenetic changes can be transmitted from one generation to the next is controversial. There is clear evidence that transgenerational epigenetic change occurs in plans and insects. There is, however, no direct evidence in humans. Nevertheless, it is consistent with human findings, such as a reduction in IQ of the grandchildren of famine survivors.
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Conclusions Epigenetics is the study of the ways in which genes and environment interact. This is a significant step forward from the traditional nature–nurture debate. We understand something of the mechanisms by which genes are ‘switched on and off’ by environmental factors. There is evidence that some human characteristics, such as intelligence, are affected by epigenetic mechanisms. There is some limited evidence to suggest that epigenetic change can be transmitted to future generations. Hodder & Stoughton © 2019