Eclampsia in pregnanacy Medical Presentation

Eclampsia PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Download Free Eclampsia medical powerpoint (ppt) presentation for your medical ppt presentation

Tags : eclampsia

Published on : Sep 28, 2017 | Views : 5429 | Downloads : 16

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

DR. SUSHAMA KUNJIR ECLAMPSIA
Slide 2-

CASE 21 years Primigravida, with H/o 8 MA Booked outside and first visit here LMP- not known Was brought to casualty with generalized tonic clonic convulsions
Slide 3-

History obtained from mother in law. Obstetric H/O- Has only 3 antenatal visits of which one visit in I trimester, 2 visits in II trimester I Trimester uneventful II trimester –No h/o headache, blurring of vision, convulsions III Trimester-H/o Pedal edema +,H/o convulsions+ at home, No H/o blurring of vision, epigastric pain, vomiting
Slide 4-

TREATMENT Turn the patient on her side with head lower Mouth gag, oral suctioning Nasal O2 IV LINE Stop convulsions – inj MgSO4 Control BP-IV Labetalol Investigations I/O chart/catheterize Obstetric Rx-Fetal monitoring and urgent delivery
Slide 5-

DEFINITION International society for study of HTN in pregnancy defines: Generalised tonic clonic convulsions Associated with signs/symptoms of preeclampsia Occurring during pregnancy, labor or within 7days of delivery Not caused by epilepsy or other convulsive disorders
Slide 6-

ANTENATAL-50% INTRAPARTUM-25% POSTPARTUM-25%
Slide 7-

PREECLAMPSIA The presence of hypertension of at least 140/90 mm Hg recorded on two separate occasions at least 6 hours apart and in the presence of at least 300 mg protein in a 24 hours collection of urine arrising de novo after the 20th week gestation in a previously normotensive women and resolving completetly by the sixth postpartum week.
Slide 8-

Risk Factors Primigravida Maternal age > 35 yrs African race Family History Diabetes Obesity Renal disease Previous history of PET Thrombophilias Multifetal pregnancy Molar pregnancy
Slide 9-

ETIOPATHOGENESIS (Abnormal immunological response/Genetic) (Deficient trophoplast invasion) (Hypoperfused placenta) (Circulating factors) (Vascular endothelial cell activation) (Clinical manifestations of the disease)
Slide 10-

Symptoms of preeclampsia May be symptomless Headache Visual symptoms Epigastric and right abdominal pain Less urine output Signs of preeclampsia Hypertension Non dependent edema Brisk reflexes Fundal height/IUGR
Slide 11-

LAB TESTS Multisystem Disorder Hemogram/Platelet Ct. S.LDH Renal function tests Liver function test S.UA Coagulation Profile Fundoscopy 24hr urinary Proteins/dipstick test
Slide 12-

Fetus NST USG Doppler
Slide 13-

TREATMENT Ultimate Treatment DELIVERY of FETUS & PLACENTA
Slide 14-

MAGNESIUM SULPHATE FORMULATIONS Magnesium sulphate comes in varying concentration 50 % solution: 1gm in 2ml 25 % solution: 1gm in 4ml 20 % solution: 1gm in 5ml
Slide 15-

MECHANISM OF ACTION It acts as a vasodilator which prevents cerebral ischemia occurring in cases of severe pre eclampsia due to vasoconstriction thereby having a neuro-protective role Inhibitory action at the neuro muscular junction controls seizure activity Reduce release of glutamate Blocks glutamate receptor Blockage of calcium Enhances action of adenosine
Slide 16-

REGIMEN 1.PRITCHARD REGIMEN Loading dose: 4gm IV dose loading (20%) over 3m diluted in distilled water (to make 20ml) 10 gm IM dose in both the buttocks (5 gm in each buttock) Maintenance dose: 5gm magnesium sulphate every 4 hours on alternate buttocks
Slide 17-

2. SARDESAI REGIMEN Loading dose: 4gm IV/IM dose loading (20%) over 3m diluted in distilled water (to make 20ml) Maintenance dose: 2gm given as IV/IM every 3hrs
Slide 18-

3.ZUSPAN REGIMEN Loading dose: 4gm intravenous (20%) over 5-10 min Maintenance dose: 1-2 gm/ hour by controlled infusion pump for 24 hours
Slide 19-

4. SIBAI REGIMEN Loading dose: 6gm of 20% magnesium sulphate solution in 100 ml of normal saline administered as intravenous infusion over 15-20 minutes Maintenance dose: continuous infusion of 50% magnesium sulphate solution dissolved in 1000 ml of normal saline administered at a drip rate of 100 ml/hour to ensure rate of 2gm of magnesium sulphate/ hour
Slide 20-

IF SEIZURES PERSIST Seizures may reccur in 10-15% of the patients When such an event occurs 2gm intravenous dose of 20% solution is administered
Slide 21-

REGIMEN DURATION OF THERAPY Magnesium sulphate therapy is continued for 24 hours After delivery After last seizure Whichever occurs later
Slide 22-

ppt slide no 22 content not found
Slide 23-

MONITORING Urine output: magnesium is excreted by renal pathway. Thus if urinary output is less than 30 ml/ hour magnesium sulphate levels rise in systemic vasculature leading to magnesium toxicity 2.Deep tendon reflexes depression of deep tendon reflexes is the first sign of hypermagnesemia 3. Respiratory rate: respiratory rate of at least 14/ minute 4. Serum magnesium levels
Slide 24-

BENEFITS OF MAGNESIUM SULPHATE Lower incidence of recurrence of seizure Improved maternal mortality Less perinatal mortality Neuroprotective effects on fetus
Slide 25-

ADVERSE EFFECTS Therapeutic values 4-7 mEq/ L : therapeutic Toxicity 10 mEq/L: Loss of deep tendon reflexes >12 mEq/ L: respiratory depression > 15mEq/ L: cardiac arrest
Slide 26-

NEONATAL DEPRESSION Magnesium sulphate crosses placenta. Neonatal hypermagnesemia can lead to loss of beat to beat variablity on electronic fetal monitoring Respiratory depression, flaccidity, and hyporeflexia have been reported in some neonates
Slide 27-

ANTIDOTE ANTIDOTE: CALCIUM GLUCONATE 10ml of 10% over 10 min IV
Slide 28-

CONTRAINDICATIONS Renal failure Myasthenia Gravis Myocardial ischaemia
Slide 29-

ANTIHYPERTENSIVES (IV) LABETOLOL NTG HYDRALAZINE (if bp is 160 mm/Hg Systolic or 110 mmHg diastolic )
Slide 30-

ANTIHYPERTENSIVES (Oral) LABETOLOL NIFEDEPINE (No sublingual) ALPHAMETHYL DOPA (if bp is 150 mm/Hg Systolic or 100 mmHg diastolic )
Slide 31-

PRES The Posterior Reversible encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) also called Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome is a clinico-neuro-radiologic entity. Eclampsia is one of the important causes of PRES Can be diagnosed only by MRI & is a reversible condition Break down of brain vascular autoregulation due to high BP(posterior brain is less extensively innervated, so less able to adjust to blood pressure fluctuations) leading to vasogenic edema
Slide 32-

COMPLICATIONS OF ECLAMPSIA PRES ASPIRATION PNUEMONITIS HEMIPLEGIA BLINDNESS PULMONARY EDEMA PSYCHOSIS
Slide 33-

THANK YOU