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ECG PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Electrocardiogram

Tags : ECG

Published on : Feb 28, 2021 | Views : 7992 | Downloads : 25

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Slide 1-

ELECTROCARDIOGRAM As the heart undergoes depolarization and repolarization, the electrical currents that are generated spread not only within the heart, but also throughout the body. This electrical activity generated by the heart can be measured by an array of electrodes placed on the body surface. The recorded tracing is called an electrocardiogram (ECG, or EKG). The different waves that comprise the ECG represent the sequence of depolarization and repolarization of the atria and ventricles. The ECG is recorded at a speed of 25 mm/sec, and the voltages are calibrated so that 1 mV = 10 mm in the vertical direction. Therefore, each small 1-mm square represents 0.04 sec (40 msec) in time and 0.1 mV in voltage. Because the recording speed is standardized, one can calculate the heart rate from the intervals between different waves.
Slide 2-

Wave Interpretation P Wave = contraction of atria PQ Wave = signal arrives at AV node slowing down a bit to allow ventricles to fill with blood Q Wave = signal moves to Bundle of His and divides into the bundles and Purkinje fibers R Wave = contraction of left ventricle S Wave = contraction of right ventricle T Wave = ventricles relaxing
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3 Standardized Methods & Devices ECG Graph Paper Vertical axis- voltage 1 small box = 1 mm = 0.1 mV Horizontal axis - time 1 small box = 1 mm = 0.04 sec. Every 5 lines (boxes) are bolded Horizontal axis - 1 and 3 sec marks
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4 Standardized Methods & Devices ECG Paper Examples Vertical Axis No. of mm in 10 small boxes? No. of small boxes in 2 mm? Horizontal Axis No. of seconds in 5 small boxes? No. of small boxes in 0.2 second? No. of small boxes in 1 second?
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5 ECG Analysis A monitoring lead can tell you: How often the myocardium is depolarizing How regular the depolarization is How long conduction takes in various areas of the heart The origin of the impulses that are depolarizing the myocardium
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6 ECG Analysis A monitoring lead can not tell you: Presence or absence of a myocardial infarction Axis deviation Chamber enlargement Right vs. Left bundle branch blocks Quality of pumping action Whether the heart is beating!!!
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7 ECG Analysis An ECG is a diagnostic tool, NOT a treatment No one was ever cured by an ECG!! Treat the PATIENT not the Monitor!!!
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Pulse “Heart Rate” Pulse Pressure wave of blood Monitored at “pressure points” in arteries where pulse is easily palpated Pulse averages 70–76 beats per minute at rest
Slide 9-

Blood Pressure Measurements by health professionals are made on the pressure in large arteries Systolic—pressure at the peak of ventricular contraction Diastolic—pressure when ventricles relax Write systolic pressure first and diastolic last (120/80 mm Hg) Pressure in blood vessels decreases as distance from the heart increases
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Measuring Arterial Blood Pressure
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Measuring Arterial Blood Pressure