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Connective Tissue PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Divided into 2 gps based on their ability to move within the connective tissue. 1. Fibrocytes (fibroblasts), adipocytes are fixed. 2. Macrophages, monocytes, mast cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells and eosinophils are mobile.

Tags : TISSUE,TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE,Connective Tissue Cells,Fibrocytes,adipocytes,Reticular cells

Published on : Mar 13, 2025 | Views : 362 | Downloads : 0

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CONNECTIVE TISSUE ERIC AIDOO (BSc., MPHIL.) ANATOMIST/LECTURER UCCSMS a.eric@uccsms.edu.gh 0505 369676,026 3171900, 0244443897
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS EXTRACELLULAR SUBSTANCE CONNECTIVE TISSUE GROUND SUBSTANCE EXTRACELLULAR SUBSTANCE FIBRES CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS FIBRES GROUND SUBSTANCE
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE Connective tissue Connective tissue
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Connective tissue Connective Tissue Proper Loose (cells > fibers) Dense Cells < fibers Regular Irregular CT with Special Properties Adipose CT Reticular CT Elastic CT Mucous CT Cartilage Bone Embryonic CT Mesenchyme TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
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Connective Tissue Cells Divided into 2 gps based on their ability to move within the connective tissue. Fibrocytes (fibroblasts), adipocytes are fixed. Macrophages, monocytes, mast cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells and eosinophils are mobile.
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(Adult) Connective Tissue Proper Cells Fixed: Fibroblasts Adipocytes Tissue macrophages Free: Immune cells (lymphocytes) Inflammatory cells (neutrophils & activated macrophages) Extracellular Matrix Fibers – collagen, elastic, reticular Ground substance
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Fibroblasts Fibroblasts are the most abundant cell type in connective tissues. They synthesize the components of the ground substance (collagen, elastic and reticular fibres). An inactive fibrocyte does not contain many organelles. Fibrocytes are stimulated to produce many organelles when damaged. These organelles are necessary for the synthesis and excretion of proteins needed to repair the tissue damage .
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fibrocyte = inactive fibroblast = active cells
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Reticular cells Reticular cells are usually larger than an average fibrocyte. Adipocytes (fat cells) Store lipids. Its cytoplasm forms a very narrow rim around a large central lipid droplet.
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Fibroblast and wound healing Following damage to cells and tissues there is an inflammatory response and a local proliferation of mesenchymal cells to form fibroblasts, myofibroblasts and blood vessels. These grow out to replace the area of tissue damage. This is the basis of the formation of a collagenous scar.
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Over time there is remodelling of collagen to maximise strength of collagen and link it to adjacent tissues. This process is termed healing by repair. Specialised tissues damaged by disease, such as muscle or lung, are replaced by strong but nonfunctional collagenous scar.
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Mesenchymal connective tissue Mesenchyme forms the undifferentiated cells of the early embryo. Mesenchymal cells have stem cell properties, i.e. they are able to give rise to other cell and tissues types. In adult humans, mesenchymal connective tissue is only found in the dental pulp.
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FIBRES Collagen fibres Are the dominant fibre type. They add strength to the connective tissue. Collagen is secreted into the extracellular matrix in the form of tropocollagen (TYPE I) There about 27 different types of collagen (designated by Roman numerals I-XXVII)
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Collagen Fibers
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Major Collagen Fiber Types (out of at least 20)
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Reticular fibres (TYPE III COLLAGEN) Not visible in histological sections. In silver stained sections, reticular fibres look like fine, black threads. The fibres surround the individual sheets of liver cells (hepatocytes). Provide support and facilitates the exchange of substances between the hepatocytes and the blood.
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Clinical disorders resulting from defects in collagen synthesis
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Elastic fibres Elastic fibres can be stretched to about 150% of their original length and resume their original length.
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Elastin fibres
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Ground substance Ground substance is made up of water, salts and proteoglycans . Proteoglycans = proteins + polysaccharide. Polysaccharide = GAG
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GAGs: 5 types hyaluronic acid chondroitin sulfate dermatan sulfate heparan sulfate keratan sulfate GAG link proteins to a backbone (hyaluronic acid). Hyaluronic acid is the dominant GAG.
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Pathogenicity of a bacterium The pathogenicity of a bacterium is the ability to produce the enzyme hyaluronidase, which depolymerises hyaluronic acid.
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Macrophages Macrophages arise from precursor cells called monocytes. Monocytes originate in the bone marrow from where they are released into the blood stream. They are actively mobile and leave the blood stream to enter connective tissues, where they differentiate into macrophages.
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Mast cells The most prominent substances contained in the vesicles are heparin and histamine. They increase permeability and blood flow in vessels. Mast cell granules display metachromasia, which means that they can change the color of some basic dyes (eg, toluidine blue) from blue to purple or red.
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Connective Tissue Types: loose/dense Dense Dense irregular : the fibres do not show a clear orientation e.g. dermis of the skin. Dense regular: fibres run parallel to each other e.g. tendons, ligaments, fasciae and aponeuroses.
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Dense regular and irregular connective tissue
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Loose (areolar) connective tissue Relatively few fibres
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Reticular connective tissue Reticular connective tissue consists of reticular cells and the network of reticular fibres formed by them. e.g. liver, lymph nodes and the spleen.
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Adipose tissue Can be white or brown (names derived from the colour of the tissue). White adipose tissue contain one large lipid droplet. Brown adipose tissue contain many lipid droplets. White adipose tissue : stores lipids and cushions e.g. in the gluteal (buttocks) .
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Brown adipose tissue may account for 2 - 5 % of the body weight in a newborn. It is located in the axilla (armpits), between the shoulder blades, in the region of the neck and along large blood vessels. The heat generated by the brown fat warms the blood which supplies nearby organs or which re-enters the trunk from the limbs.
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ADIPOCYTE An abnormal growth of adipocytes can form a benign tumour termed a lipoma.
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CARTILAGE Consist of a dense network of collagen and elastic fibres embedded in chondroiten sulphate. The strength of cartilage is due to its collagen content and its ability to assume its original shape after deformation is due to chondroitin sulphate. 3 Types: hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilages, elastic cartilage
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Hyaline
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Fibrocartilage
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ELASTIC CARTILAGE
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ASSIGNMENT THE RETICULOENDOTHELIAL CONCEPT REFERENCE BOOKS ROSS HISTOLOGY WHEATER’S FUNCTIONAL HISTOLOGY JUNQUEIRA COLOUR ATLAS BLUE HISTOLOGY