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CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical presentation on Physiotherapy and Physical Rehabilitation, which is titled "CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY", to know about Chest physiotherapy (CPT).

Tags : Physiotherapy, Physical Rehabilitation, Chest physiotherapy, CPT

Published on : Aug 02, 2021 | Views : 8161 | Downloads : 32

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CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY BY: Mr. M. Shivanandha Reddy
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Definition Chest physiotherapy (CPT) is a group of therapies for mobilizing pulmonary secretions. These therapies include chest percussion, vibration and postural drainage. CPT is followed by productive coughing or suctioning of a patient who has a decreased ability to cough. This is especially helpful for patients with large amount of secretions or ineffective cough.
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Indications: It is indicated for patients in whom cough is insufficient to clear thick, tenacious, or localized secretions. Examples: Cystic fibrosis Bronchiectasis Atelctasis Lung abscess Pneumonia
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Contraindications Increased ICP Unstable head or neck injury Active hemorrhage or hemoptysis Recent spinal injury Rib fracture Flail chest Uncontrolled hypertension Anticoagulation Thoracic surgeries
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Assessment for Chest Physiotherapy Assess the vital signs Know the patient’s medications. Certain medications, particularly diuretics antihypertensive cause fluid and haemodynamic changes. These decrease patient’s tolerance to positional changes and postural drainage Assess for any contra indications
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……Assessment for Chest Physiotherapy Perform detailed physical examination of the chest Review the patients X-ray and other blood investigations.
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Techniques in Chest Physiotherapy Chest physiotherapy consists of three techniques: Percussion / Clapping/ Cupping Vibration Postural Drainage
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Percussion / Clapping Chest percussion involves rhythmically clapping on the chest wall over the area being drained to force secretions into larger airways for expectoration. Position the hand so the fingers and thumb touch and the hands are cupped.
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…..Percussion
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…..Percussion Perform chest percussion by vigorously striking the chest wall alternately with cupped hands. The procedure should produce a hollow sound and should not be painful. Perform percussion over a single layer of clothing, not over buttons or zippers.
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…..Percussion Percussion is contraindicated in patients with bleeding disorders, osteoporosis, fractured ribs and open wounds and surgeries. Don’t percuss over the spine, sternum, stomach or lower back as trauma can occur to the spleen, liver, or kidneys. Typically, each area is percussed for 30 to 6o seconds several times a day. If the patient has tenacious secretions, the area must be percussed for 3-5 minutes several times per day.
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Vibration Vibration is a gentle, shaking pressure applied to the chest wall to move secretions into larger airways. The nurse uses rhythmic contractions and relaxations of arm and shoulder muscles over the patient’s chest. During vibration, place your flat hand firmly against the chest wall, on the appropriate lung segment to be drained. Vibrate the chest wall as the patient exhales slowly through the pursed lips.
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…..Vibration After each vibration, encourage the client to cough and expectorate secretions into the sputum container.
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Postural Drainage Postural drainage is a technique in which different positions are assumed to facilitate the drainage of secretions from the bronchial airways. Gravity helps to move the secretions to the trachea to be coughed up easily. The goal of postural drainage is to help drain mucus from the affected lobes into the larger airways of the lungs so it can be coughed up more readily.
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…Postural drainage All the patients do not require postural drainage for all the lung segments. So the procedure must be based on the clinical findings. In postural drainage, the person is tilted or propped at an angle to help drain secretions from the lungs.
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…Postural Drainage The lower lobes require drainage most frequently because the upper lobes drain by gravity. Before postural drainage, the client may be given a bronchodilator medication or nebulization therapy to loosen secretions.
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…Postural Drainage Postural drainage treatments are scheduled two or three times daily, depending on the degree of lung congestion. The best times include before breakfast, before lunch, in the late afternoon, and before bedtime. It is best to avoid hours shortly after meals because postural drainage at these times can be tiring and can induce vomiting
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Lung Lobes And Segments
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…Postural Drainage Help the patient assume the appropriate position, based on the lung field that requires drainage.
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…Postural drainage
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…Postural Drainage
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…Postural drainage
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…Postural Drainage
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Middle or lower lobes
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Posterior Lower Lobes.
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….Postural Drainage After positioning the client Have the patient remain in the desired position for 10 to 15 minutes, if tolerated. Perform percussion and vibration by keeping the client in position. The sequence for chest physiotherapy is usually as follows: Positioning, percussion, vibration, and removal of secretions by coughing or suction
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Documentation Following chest physiotherapy , the nurse should auscultate the client’s lungs, compare the findings to the baseline data, and document the amount, color, and character of expectorated secretions.
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