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CD4 and HIV PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : This medical presentation titled ""CD4 and HIV"" is about life cycle of HIV, major target cells for HIV, cell surface receptors for HIV, CD4, CD4- gp120 Interactions, and theories of immune system cell Loss in HIV infection.

Tags : CD4, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV, infection, cells, immune system, AIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, HIV Positive

Published on : Apr 23, 2021 | Views : 2397 | Downloads : 3

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Slide 1-

CD4 and HIV Tan Swee Huang AIT UEEM by ED19.98 Bioengineering and Environmental Health
Slide 2-

Outline Life Cycle of HIV Major Target Cells for HIV Cell surface receptors for HIV CD4 CD4- gp120 Interactions Theories of Immune System cell Loss in HIV infection Challenges Ahead
Slide 3-

Life Cycle of HIV Steps in Viral Replication 1. Attachment/Entry 2. Reverse Transcription & DNA Synthesis 3. Transport to Nucleus 4. Integration 5. Viral Transcription 6. Viral Protein Synthesis 7. Assembly of Virus 8. Release of Virus 9. Maturation
Slide 4-

Major Target Cells for HIV Infection CD4+ T-Lymphocytes CD4+ monocytes and macrophages (inclu. microglia) CD4+ Dendritic cells (inclu. Langerhans cells)
Slide 5-

Major Target Cells for HIV Attachment/Presentation Folicular dendritic cells in lymph nodes M cells on Peuyer’s patches Galactosylcerebroside positive cells in brain and gut
Slide 6-

Cell surface receptors for HIV (Attachment, Entry, Fusion) CD4 differentiation antigen Galactosylcerebroside glycolipid LFA-1 Adhesion receptor Fc receptors Complement receptors Proteinases (?)
Slide 7-

CD4 Cluster Designation 4 Expressed on T-helper lymphocytes signaling other cells in immune system healthy: 800~1200 CD4+ T cells/mm3 AIDS: < 200 CD4+ T cells/mm3 less densely on macrophages, dendritic cell* and microglial cells
Slide 8-

CD4 - gp 120 Interaction Virus peptide approaches CD4 Virus docking conformational changes (proteolytic cleavage of V3 loop exposes the fudigenc domain of gp41) fusion of virion envelope
Slide 9-

Theories of Immune System cell Loss in HIV infection Direct cell killing Syncytia formation Apoptosis Innocent bystanders Anergy Superantigens Damage to Precursor cells
Slide 10-

Challenges Ahead Role of CD8+ T cells attack and killed infected cells secrete soluble factors that suppress HIV replication (e.g. RANTES, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1 beta)
Slide 11-

Challenges Ahead Blocking gp 120 binding to CD4 problem: cause hemorrhaging Secondary receptor for fusion (fusion cofactor/fusin) new target for anti-HIV drug (JM3100) first true animal model for HIV infection not effective on macrophages infection function unknown
Slide 12-

Challenges Ahead Antibodies to V3-loop on gp 120 differ from macrophages to lymphocytes 5~10% patients show no symptoms & stable CD4+ T cell counts chemokines(?) genetic