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Tonsillitis and Adenoids PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical presentation on Ear, Nose, and Throat Facts, which is titled "Tonsillitis and Adenoids", to know about tonsillitis, an inflammation of the tonsils, its types (Acute tonsillitis and Chronic tonsillitis), and Adenoids (Nasopharyngeal tonsil).

Tags : Ear, Nose, Throat Facts, Tonsillitis, Adenoids

Published on : Jul 10, 2021 | Views : 4511 | Downloads : 17

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Slide 1-

Tonsillitis and Adenoids
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Presented by: Dr. Mona Ahmed A/Rahim Assistant Professor Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Alneelain University
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Waldeyer’s Ring
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Tonsillitis Definition: Is an inflammation of the tonsils. Types: Acute tonsillitis Chronic tonsillitis
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Acute tonsillitis Classification: acute catarrhal or superficial tonsillitis: Here tonsillitis is a part of generalized pharyngitis and seen in viral infections acute follicular tonsillitis: In which tonsillar crypts become filled with purulent materials
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acute parenchymatous tonsillitis: Here tonsils are uniformly enlarged and red acute membranous tonsillitis: The exudates in the crypts coalesces to form membrane on the surface
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Acute Membranous Tonselitis
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Acute Folliculer Tonselitis
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Acute Parenchymatous Tonselitis
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Acute catarhal tonselitis
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Etiology: Affects school-age children but adults can also be affected. It is rare in infants (< 1 year age) and persons above 50 years.
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Causative organisms: Group A beta hemolytic streptococci Haemophilus influenzae Streptococcus pneumoniae Staphylococci Tuberculosis (in immunocompromised) Viruses: adenovirus, Epstein-Bar virus and herpes simplex virus
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Symptoms: sore throat difficulty in swallowing + pain fever (can be accompanied by rigors and chills) ear ache headache generalized body fatigue
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Signs: breath is foetid and tongue is coated hyperaemia of the pillars, soft palate and uvula red and swollen tonsils with yellowish spots in the crypts (follicular tonsillitis) , whitish membrane on the medial surface of the tonsils (membranous tonsillitis) or enlarged and congestive tonsils with swollen uvula (acute parenchymatous tonsillitis) enlarged and tender jugulodigastric lymph nodes
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Treatment: bed rest + plenty of fluids analgesia (Aspirin or Paracetamol) antimicrobial (Penicillin is the drug of choice) should be continued for 7 -10 days
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Complications: chronic tonsillitis with recurrent acute attacks peritonsillar abscess (quinsy) parapharyngeal abscess cervical abscess acute otitis media rheumatic fever acute golomerulonephritis sub acute bacterial endocarditis
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Differential diagnosis: Diphtheria Infectious mononucleosis malignancy (lymphoma, leukemia)
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Indications for tonsillectomy: recurrent infections (> 6 times per year) peritonsilar abscess possibility of malignancy sleep apnoea febrile convulsions
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Chronic tonsillitis Types: chronic follicular tonsillitis chronic parenchymatous tonsillitis chronic fibroid tonsillitis
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Etiology: may be a complication of acute tonsillitis subclinical infection of tonsils without acute attack chronic infection of sinuses or teeth may be a predisposing factor
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Clinical features: recurrent attacks of acute tonsillitis chronic irritation in throat and cough bad taste in mouth and foul breath (halitosis)
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Treatment: conservative treatment: attention to diet, general health and treatment of coexisting infections of teeth, sinuses and nose. tonsillectomy: if tonsils interfere with deglutition, speech, respiration or there is recurrent attacks of tonsillitis
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Adenoids (Nasopharyngeal tonsil) situated at the junction of the posterior wall and roof of the nasopharynx composed of lymphoid tissues covered by columnar epithelium it is present at birth physiologically enlarged up to 6 years then regress and completely disappears by the age of 20
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Adenoid
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Enlarged Adenoid
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Etiology: Recurrent attacks of rhinitis, tonsillitis and sinusitis cause adenoid infection and hyperplasia
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Symptoms: nasal obstruction mouth breathing nasal discharge adenoid face: elongated face, dull expression, nasal discharge, open mouth, hitched-up upper lip, prominent and overcrowded upper teeth, high-arched palate pulmonary hypertension
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Adenoid Face 1
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Adenoid Face 2
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Diagnosis: nasopharyngoscopy X-ray nasopharynx lateral view
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Treatment: When symptoms are not severe, decongestant nasal drops + antihistamines is the treatment of choice Marked symptoms, treatment is adenoidectomy
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Thank You