Download Free Medical Radiology and Imaging in OB-GYN PowerPoint Presentation

Radiology and Imaging in OB-GYN PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Check out this medical presentation on Radiology and Imaging, which is titled "Radiology & Imaging in OB/GYN", to know about Radiology and Imaging in OB/GYN.

Tags : Radiology, Imaging, OB, GYN

Published on : Aug 02, 2021 | Views : 4215 | Downloads : 20

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

Radiology & Imaging in OB/GYN Dr.Tarig Mahmoud Ahmed MD SUDAN HAIL UNIVERSITY KSA
Slide 2-

ultrasound in obstetric practice The ultrasound technique uses very high frequency sound waves of between 3.5 and 7.0 mega hertz. Ultrasound scanning is currently considered to be a safe, non-invasive, accurate and cost- effective investigation in the fetus. Tow types: Transabdominal. Transvaginal.
Slide 3-

Abdominal probe
Slide 4-

trans vaginal probe
Slide 5-

Advantage of ultra sound Diagnosis and confirmation of viability in early pregnancy: The gestational sac can be visualized from as early as 4–5 weeks of gestation and the yolk sac at about 5 weeks . The embryo can be observed and measured at 5– 6 weeks gestation. A visible heartbeat can be visualized by about 6 weeks.
Slide 6-

Assessment of fetal well-being: The use of Doppler ultrasound allows the assessment of the velocity of blood within fetal and placental vessels and provides indirect assessment of fetal and placental condition.
Slide 7-

Detect malformations in the fetus: Major structural abnormalities occur in 2–3 % of pregnancies and many can be diagnosed by an ultrasound scan at around or before 20 weeks gestation. Common examples include spina bifida and hydrocephalus, skeletal abnormalities such as achondroplasia, abdominal wall defects such as exomphalos and gastroschisis, cleft lip/palate and congenital cardiac abnormalities.
Slide 8-

First trimester ultrasonic ‘soft’ markers for chromosomal abnormalities such as the absence of fetal nasal bone, an increased fetal nuchal translucency are now in common use to detect fetuses at risk of chromosomal anomalies such as Down’s syndrome.
Slide 9-

measurements can be made accurately (gestational age, size and growth): The crown-rump length (CRL) is used up to 13 weeks + 6 days, and the head circumference (HC) from 14 to 20 weeks gestation. The biparietal diameter (BPD) and femur length (FL) can also be used to determine gestational age.
Slide 10-

Essentially, the earlier the measurement is made, the more accurate the prediction so CRL (accuracy of prediction 5 days) will be preferred to a biparietal diameter at 20 weeks (accuracy of prediction 7 days). Gestational age can not be accurately calculated by ultrasound after 20 weeks gestation because of the wider range of normal values of AC and HC around the mean.
Slide 11-

In addition to AC and HC, BPD and FL, when combined in an equation, provide a more accurate estimate of fetal weight (EFW). In (FGR) pregnancies is helpful in distinguishing between different types of growth restriction (symmetrical and asymmetrical).
Slide 12-

crown-rump length (CRL) Biparietal diameter (BPD)
Slide 13-

Femur length (FL) Abdominal circumference (AC)
Slide 14-

Placental localization: ultrasonographic identification of the lower edge of the placenta to exclude or confirm placenta praevia as a cause for antepartum haemorrhage is now a part of routine clinical practice. At the 20 weeks scan, it is customary to identify women who have a low-lying placenta.
Slide 15-

Amniotic fluid volume assessment: Ultrasound can be used to identify both increased and decreased amniotic fluid volumes. The maximum vertical pool is measured after a general survey of the uterine contents. Measurements of less than 2 cm suggest oligohydramnios, and measurements of greater than 8 cm suggest polyhydramnios.
Slide 16-

The Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) is measured by dividing the uterus into four quadrants. A vertical measurement is taken of the deepest cord free pool in each quadrant and the results summated. It should be between 10 and 25 cm; values below 10 cm indicate a reduced volume and those below 5 cm indicate oligohydramnios, while values above 25 cm indicate polyhydramnios.
Slide 17-

maximum vertical pool
Slide 18-

anencephaly or oesophageal atresia, will result in an increase in amniotic fluid. Renal agenesis and posterior urethral valves, will result in reduced or absent amniotic fluid.
Slide 19-

Detect number of fetuses and chorionicity: It is clinically useful to determine chorionicity early in pregnancy , Twins and higher multiple gestations. In the first trimester placental tissue is seen within the base of dichorionic membranes and has been termed the ‘twin peak’ or ‘lambda’ sign.
Slide 20-

Twins
Slide 21-

Lambda sign.
Slide 22-

Measurement of cervical length: Evidence suggests that approximately 50 per cent of women who deliver before 34 weeks gestation will have a short cervix. The length of the cervix can be assessed using transvaginal scanning.
Slide 23-

Invasive procedures: Ultrasound is used to guide invasive diagnostic procedures such as amniocentesis, chorion villus sampling.
Slide 24-

amniocentesis
Slide 25-

Other uses: Ultrasonography is also of value in other obstetric conditions such as: confirmation of intrauterine death. confirmation of fetal presentation in uncertain cases. diagnosis of fetal gender. diagnosis of uterine and pelvic abnormalities during pregnancy, for example fibromyomata and ovarian cysts.
Slide 26-

Magnetic resonance imaging MRI provides multiplanar views, better characterization of anatomic details of, for example, the fetal brain, and information for planning the mode of delivery and airway management at birth.
Slide 27-

ultrasound in In gynecological practice Mullerian agenesis: Rokitansky syndrome measurements of ovarian volume, mean ovarian diameter and antral follicle count to calculate ovarian reserve and follicular tracking. pelvic mass symptoms suggest an endometrial polyp.
Slide 28-

Detect endometriomas or appearances suggestive of adenomyosis and endometrial thickness. ectopic pregnancy miscarriage Gestational trophoblastic disorder: (‘snow storm’ in molar pregnancy) Post-micturition urine residual estimation in urogynaecology.
Slide 29-

Normal empty uterus
Slide 30-

MRI MRI can detect lesions >5 mm in size, particularly in deep tissues. amenorrhoea with Pituitary adenoma. can diagnose adenomyosis pre-surgery. endometrial tumours staging.
Slide 31-

CT scan Diagnose ovarian tumours. assessment of the liver and lymph nodes.
Slide 32-

ppt slide no 32 content not found
Slide 33-

x-ray vital to exclude lung metastases. hysterosalpingogram HSG.
Slide 34-

ppt slide no 34 content not found
Slide 35-

Thanks for attention