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Parathyroid Hormone PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Parathyroid Hormone" by Robert A. Nissenson and Harald Jüppner.

This medical PowerPoint presentation talks about Parathyroid hormone (PTH), a hormone produced by the parathyroid glands, which are four small glands located near the thyroid gland in the neck. PTH plays an important role in regulating the level of calcium in the blood.

When the level of calcium in the blood falls below a certain level, the parathyroid glands release PTH into the bloodstream. PTH then stimulates the release of calcium from bones, increases the absorption of calcium from the intestines, and reduces the excretion of calcium by the kidneys.

The overall effect of PTH is to increase the level of calcium in the blood. This is important because calcium is necessary for many physiological processes, including muscle and nerve function, blood clotting, and bone health.

Abnormalities in PTH levels can lead to a number of medical conditions, such as hyperparathyroidism (too much PTH), hypoparathyroidism (too little PTH), and osteoporosis (a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones).

Tags : Parathyroid hormone, parathyroid glands, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, osteoporosis, endocrinology, endocrinology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Apr 18, 2023 | Views : 1438 | Downloads : 0

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Slide 1-

Chapter 25: Parathyroid Hormone Robert A. Nissenson and Harald Jüppner
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Figure 1 Figure 1 Phylogenetic analysis of PTH and related polypeptides.(3) Copyright 2004, The Endocrine Society. From the Primer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism, 7th Edition. www.asbmrprimer.org
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Figure 2 Figure 2 Diagrammatic structures of the genes encoding human TIP39, PTH, and PTHrP. Boxed areas represent exons (the 5′ end of exon U1 in the TIP39 gene is not known). White boxes denote pre sequences, black boxes are pro sequences, gray stippled boxes are mature protein sequences, and striped boxes are noncoding regions. The small striped boxes preceding the white boxes denote untranslated exonic sequences. The positions of the initiator methionines are also indicated. +1 represents the relative position of the beginning of the secreted protein.(42) Copyright 2002, The Endocrine Society. From the Primer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism, 7th Edition. www.asbmrprimer.org
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Figure 3 Figure 3 (A) Relationship between PTH secretion and extracellular calcium in normal human parathyroid cells. Dispersed parathyroid cells were incubated with indicated levels of calcium, and PTH was determined by radioimmunoassay. [Reproduced with permission from Brown EM 1980 Set-point for calcium: Its role in normal and abnormal parathyroid secretion. In: Cohn DV, Talmage RV, Matthews JL (eds.) Hormonal Control of Calcium Metabolism, Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Calcium Regulating Hormones. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 35–43]. (B) The four parameters describing the inverse sigmoidal relationship between the extracellular calcium concentration and PTH release in vivo and in vitro: maximal secretory rate; slope of the curve at the midpoint; midpoint or set-point of the curve (the level of calcium producing 50% of the maximal decrease in secretory rate; minimal secretory rate.(43) Copyright 1983, The Endocrine Society. From the Primer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism, 7th Edition. www.asbmrprimer.org