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OUT OF THE DARK-RADIOLOGY SPECIALTY SPOTLIGHT PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical presentation on Radiology and Imaging, which is titled "OUT OF THE DARK: RADIOLOGY SPECIALTY SPOTLIGHT", to know what a radiologist actually does, common radiology myths and facts,and subspecialties in radiology and what they actually do.

Tags : Radiology, Imaging, RADIOLOGY SPECIALTY, subspecialties

Published on : Jul 28, 2021 | Views : 2545 | Downloads : 3

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OUT OF THE DARK: RADIOLOGY SPECIALTY SPOTLIGHT Marco Ertreo, MD PGY3-R2 Chair of International Outreach Committee, SIR/RFS Georgetown University Hospital, Washington DC
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OVERVIEW What a radiologist actually does Common radiology myths and facts Subspecialties in radiology and what they actually do What is a radiology resident’s daily life like Current training pathways 2
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THE RADIOLOGIST A physician specialized in radiology, the branch of medicine that uses ionizing and nonionizing radiation for the diagnosis and treatment of disease. 3
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A WHAT PEOPLE K CTUALLY THIN 6
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RADIOLOGIST ROLES AND DUTIES Image interpretation Procedures Advising clinicians on best imaging technique for each clinical question Multidisciplinary conference Communicating results to doctors and patients Writing medical reports Oversight of technicians and assistants 8
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TMYTH: YOU WILL NEVER SEE OR ALK TO A PATIENT EVER AGAIN… FACT: Radiologists see and talk to patients all the time. Studying and evaluating x-ray images is certainly a large part of being a radiologist - and perhaps the most recognizable part of the job. Departments are typically divided into sections or subspecialty areas by body part or imaging modality, and each section performs a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In particular, fluoroscopy, interventional radiology, ultrasound, and mammography subspecialists are especially involved in direct patient care, including counseling patients, performing procedures, and post- procedure management. 9
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WHO SHOULD R GO INTO ? ADIOLOGY 10
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MYTH: RADIOLOGISTS ARE A INTR BUNCH OF ANTI- SOCIAL D OF OVERTS WHO ARE AFRAI TALKING TO PEOPLE… FACT: Communication lies at the heart of radiology. To be successful, radiologists are in constant communication with patients, referring physicians, as well as multidisciplinary teams. While radiology appears to the outsider as one person examining one image, the reality goes much deeper. The information gleaned by examining the image is shared with others, putting the radiologist in the role of subject matter expert. Radiologist are, ultimately, consultants. 11
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ARK ROOM ALL DAY EVERY DAY DMYTH: YOU WILL BE ,ALONE IN A… FACT: Radiologists see the light of day. While it is an undeniable truth that radiologists spend time in a dimly lit room, the radiology reading room is filled with people and activity throughout the day. Unlike many other medical specialties, attending physicians work with residents throughout the day, reviewing studies, answering questions, performing procedures, and teaching. Clinical teams routinely consult with radiologists either directly by visiting the reading room or indirectly. Radiologists are prominent members of all tumor boards and most other multi-disciplinary meetings that revolve around medical imaging, often leading the discussion. 12
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RADIOLOGY’S RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER SPECIALTIES 13
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M MYTH: THE RADIOLOGY JOBAN ARKET IS DISMAL, NO ONE C GET A JOB… FACT: The radiology job market is steady and reliable. Advancing technology continues to expand the field of radiology. The current number of job openings remains equal to the number of graduating fellows, assuring a solid future for individuals entering the field of radiology. 14
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MYTH: RADIOLOGY IS STATIC AND MUNDANE… FACT: The future of radiology is dynamic and innovative. Radiology is among the most dynamic specialties in medicine with innovations and advancements occurring on a regular basis. Commercial CT scanners were first introduced in 1972, the first MRI scan was performed in 1977. Imaging utilization continues to increase as new applications and novel technologies in both diagnosis and treatment of diseases are continually being researched. Few other medical specialties can claim such dramatic advancements over the past few decades. In fact, a textbook on radiology published in the 1990s would be considered outdated given today’s technology. 15
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MYTH: RADIATION FROM DA MEDICAL IMAGING ISSTS A NGEROUS/ RADIOLOGI F RE EXPOSED TO LOTS O RADIATION… Strict adherence to radiation safety protocols Most have little to no exposure - except for IR most images are obtained from technicians IRs wear lead aprons, glasses and even gloves No risks for pregnant radiologists 16
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MYTH: RADIOLOGISTS AREN’T DOCTORS “Saving lives one image at a time” You actually see patients, how much is up to you; Perform procedures, how much is up to you; Provide consultations. 17
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DIAGNOSTIC Body imaging Neuroradiology Cardiothoracic imaging Musculoskeletal imaging Pediatric imaging Breast imaging VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL WHAT SUBSPECIALTIES IN RADIOLOGY? NUCLEAR MEDICINE Neuro-interventional Hepatobiliary 18 Interventional oncology Arterial and venous Genitourinary Biopsies Pain management
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BODY IMAGING Diagnoses conditions affecting the abdomen and pelvis, including the colon, kidneys, pancreas, liver, lungs, stomach, genitourinary system, etc. MAIN MODALITIES: CT, MRI, Ultrasound, XR, Fluoroscopy 19
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HEPATO- CCELLULARA ARCINOM ( HCC) 20
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NEURORADIOLOGY Diagnoses diseases of the brain, organs of sense, spine, sinuses and neck. MAIN MODALITIES: MRI, CT 21
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GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME 22
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CARDIOTHORACIC IMAGING Imaging and diagnosing conditions of the heart and chest. MAIN MODALITIES: CT, MRI, XR 23
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CARC ADENOLUNGINOMA 24
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MUSCULOSKELETAL IMAGING Diagnoses orthopedic, rheumatologic and traumatic conditions affecting the bones, joints, muscles and supporting tissues. MAIN MODALITIES: MRI, CT, US and XR 25
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PEDIATRIC IMAGING Diagnoses congenital abnormalities and diseases of newborns, children and adolescents. A “general practitioner” of radiology MAIN MODALITIES: US, XR, MRI 26
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BREAST IMAGING Diagnoses conditions that specifically affect women, particularly breast disease. Very involved with patient management, guiding clinicians on what to do next. MAIN MODALITIES: US, mammography, MRI 27
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NUCLEAR MEDICINE Diagnoses and treats diseases utilizing small amounts of radioactive material. MAIN MODALITIES: PET/CT, Gamma camera, SPECT 28
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INTERVVASCULAR AND OLOGY ENTIONAL RADI Diagnoses and treats benign and malignant diseases using different imaging technologies and tools such as embolization, angioplasty, stenting, biopsies, chemoembolization, drainage placement MAIN MODALITIES: US, fluoroscopy, CT. 30
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IR HAS APPLICATIONS IN VIRTUALLY EVERY FIELD OF MEDICINE 32
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CARDIAC 33
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VENOUS AND ARTERIAL 34
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PAIN MANAGEMENT 35
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ONCOLOGY 36
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RVENTIO INTE NEURO NAL 37
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WOMEN’S HEALTH 38
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URINARY 39
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VASCULAR ACCESS 40
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THE IR SUITE 41
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A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A RADIOLOGY RESIDENT Report to service around 730-8 am depending on specialty CLINICAL SERVICE: Pick up and read 5-10 cases, read out with your attending and repeat (Sprinkle with intermittent email checking, CNN reading and coffee run) NOON CONFERENCE CLINICAL SERVICE: Pick up and read 5-10 cases, read out with your attending and repeat Finish the day between 430- 6pm depending on service, case load of the day and institution 42
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WHAT IS CALL LIKE? Varies by institution SHORT CALL: covering stat cases from close of business hours to when the night float resident comes in NIGHT FLOAT: 10-12 hour shift at night WEEKENDS: alternating day and night residents Preliminary read all stat scan and triage imaging appropriately. Attendings on site or at home, available via pager/cell phone Everything gets ready by the attending in the morning 43
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EXPECTATIONS FOR EACH YEAR 1st year: just learn not too many expectations, usually no call 2nd year: it’s call time most call is usually in second year. You’re learning what it’s like to be a radiologist 3rd year: fellowship and boards you survived second year, now you have to study for the Board (yes, you take it as a PGY4-R3) and apply and match for fellowships 4th year: sit back and relax most rotations are electives (except for 1 month of nuclear medicine and 1 of mammography). 44
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AFTER FELLOWSHIP ACADEMIC SETTING Teaching residents and students Research Lower salaries PRIVATE PRACTICE Work in a group High volume of cases More cases – more money 45
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FIRST STEPS IF YOU WANT TO BECOME A RADIOLOGIST Make a choice Choose between diagnostics and interventional! Can’t make a choice? If in doubt, do diagnostics and then you can still get into interventional – the other way around is more difficult. 46
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THE PATH TO BECOME A DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGIST Medical school 1 1 year internship (general surgery, internal medicine, transitional year) 2 3 4 years diagnostic radiology 4 1 year fellowship (subspecialty training) 47
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THE “NEW” PATHS I TO BECOME ANL NTERVENTIONA RADIOLOGIST Approved by the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) in 2012 IR/DR Certificate is npow one of 4 primary certificates offered by the ABR (others are Diagnostic Radiology, Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics) 48 1 2a 2b
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*IR or IR-related rotations - vascular surgery, medical oncology or interventional procedural rotations housed within diagnostic radiology sections 49 ESIR (Early specialization in IR) – requires at least 500 IR procedures and IR related rotations during the DR residency
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C OPTION SR DF ORAR EDICAL ST DEN M URRENT 3 U YE TS Option 1 (6 years) 1 year Internship + 5 years Integrated IR residency Option 2 (6 years) 1 year Internship Match into DR residency program with an Integrated IR residency and hope to transfer within the same program Option 3a ESIR track (6 years) 1 year internship + 3 years DR residency + 1 year ESIR + 1 year advanced Independent IR residency Option 3b (7 years) 1 year internship + 4 years DR residency + 2 years Independent IR residency 50
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TRENDS PGY1 51 PGY2
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www.sirweb.org 52
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ERTREO@GM MARCO. QUESTIONS?AIL.COM 56