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Lumpy Skin Disease PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical presentation on Bacterial Infections of the Skin, which is titled "Lumpy Skin Disease", to know about infections of skin and soft tissues.

Tags : Bacterial Infections, Skin, Lumpy Skin Disease, infections of skin, soft tissues

Published on : Jul 05, 2021 | Views : 4479 | Downloads : 2

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Slide 1-

Lumpy Skin Disease Pseudourticaria, Neethling Virus Disease, Exanthema Nodularis Bovis, Knopvelsiekte
Slide 2-

Overview Organism Economic Impact Epidemiology Transmission Clinical Signs Diagnosis and Treatment Prevention and Control Actions to Take Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 3-

The Organism
Slide 4-

Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Family Poxviridae Genus Capripoxvirus Closely related to sheep and goat pox Cannot be differentiated with serology Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 5-

Importance
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History and Geographic Distribution 1929: Southern and eastern Africa Disease of cattle Experimental infection Oryx, giraffe, and impala Virus will replicate in sheep and goats 1990s: Resurgence in Africa Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
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Economic Impact Major economic importance due to loss of production Severe emaciation Lowered milk production Abortion Secondary mastitis Loss of fertility Extensive damage to hides Loss of draft from lameness Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 8-

Epidemiology
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Morbidity/ Mortality Morbidity Widely variable 3% to 85% Mortality Usually low 1% to 3% 20% to 85% in some outbreaks Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 10-

Transmission
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Animal Transmission Primary route: biting insects Minor route: direct contact Cutaneous lesions, saliva, nasal discharge, milk, semen, muscles Resistant to desiccation No carrier state Spread related to movement of cattle Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 12-

Animals and Lumpy Skin Disease
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Clinical Signs Incubation period 2 to 5 weeks Inapparent to severe infection Young calves most susceptible Nodule development Decreased milk yield Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 14-

Clinical Signs Raised, circular, firm, coalescing nodules Common on head, neck, udder, perineum, legs Cores of necrotic material called “sit-fasts” Secondary bacterial infections Rhinitis, conjunctivitis Lameness Abortion and sterility Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 15-

Post Mortem Lesions Characteristic skin nodules Lesions in the mucous membranes throughout the GI tract Nodules in lungs Hemorrhages in spleen, liver, rumen Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 16-

Differential Diagnosis Pseudo-lumpy skin disease Bovine herpes mammillitis Dermatophilosis Ringworm Insect or tick bites Rinderpest Demodicosis Hypoderma bovis infestation Photosensitization Bovine papular stomatitis Urticaria Cutaneous tuberculosis Onchocercosis Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
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Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011 Sampling Before collecting or sending any samples, the proper authorities should be contacted Samples should only be sent under secure conditions and to authorized laboratories to prevent the spread of the disease
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Diagnosis Clinical Characteristic skin nodules Laboratory Virus isolation and identification Electron microscopy in combination with history Serology: cross-reactions with other poxviruses may occur Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 19-

Treatment Animals generally recover with good nursing care Antibiotics for secondary infection Up to 6 months for severely affected animals to recover fully Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 20-

Lumpy Skin Disease in Humans
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Prevention and Control
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Recommended Actions IMMEDIATELY notify authorities Federal Area Veterinarian in Charge (AVIC) http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/area_offices/ State State veterinarian http://www.usaha.org/StateAnimalHealthOfficials.pdf Quarantine Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 23-

Disinfection Susceptible to: Ether (20%) Chloroform Formalin (1%) Some detergents Phenol (2% for 15 minutes) Can survive up to 35 days in the environment in desiccated scabs Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
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Control and Eradication Endemic areas Vaccinate cattle Insect control Non-endemic areas Keep free with import restrictions Quarantine Depopulation, proper carcass disposal Cleaning and disinfection Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 25-

Vaccination Endemic areas, eradication efforts Attenuated LSD strain Used in South Africa Neethling strain vaccine confers immunity up to 3 years Sheep and goat pox vaccine Used in east, north Africa May cause local, severe reaction Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 26-

Additional Resources
Slide 27-

Additional Resources World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) www.oie.int U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) www.aphis.usda.gov Center for Food Security and Public Health www.cfsph.iastate.edu USAHA Foreign Animal Diseases (“The Gray Book”) www.usaha.org/pubs/fad.pdf Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011
Slide 28-

Acknowledgments Development of this presentation was funded by grants from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Iowa Homeland Security and Emergency Management Division, and the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship to the Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University. Authors: Katie Steneroden, DVM; Kristina August, DVM; Radford Davis, DVM, MPH, DACVPM Reviewers: Bindy Comito Sornsin, BA; Katie Spaulding, BS; Kerry Leedom Larson, DVM, MPH, PhD Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, 2011