Download Free Medical GI Imaging PowerPoint Presentation

GI Imaging PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Check out this medical presentation on Digestive System, which is titled "GI Imaging", to know about Gastrointestinal Radiology.

Tags : Digestive System, GI Imaging, Gastrointestinal Radiology

Published on : Jul 10, 2021 | Views : 2780 | Downloads : 4

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

ppt slide no 1 content not found
Slide 2-

GI Imaging
Slide 3-

Densities X-ray allows visualization of different densities -Air -Fat -Water -Metal
Slide 4-

Visualization of the Esophagus Different density required for visualization i.e.: contrast
Slide 5-

Contrast Agents Water Soluble Gastrografin Low-osmolality Inert Barium sulfate
Slide 6-

Single vs. Double Contrast Improved mucosal visualization
Slide 7-

Fluoroscope Real-time x-ray video Multiple sequential images Spot films
Slide 8-

Barium Studies (Video) Esophogram Barium Swallow UGI series Modified Barium Swallow
Slide 9-

Gastroesophageal Reflux
Slide 10-

GERD & Barium Visualization of refluxing barium Patient position Valsalva Usefulness is arguable
Slide 11-

GERD Secondary Signs Hiatal Hernia (HH) Cricopharyngeus muscle spasm Reflux esophagitis Benign stricture Barrett’s esophagus Aspiration pneumonia
Slide 12-

Hiatal Hernia Extension of stomach into chest through esophageal hiatus 2 types: Sliding 95% Para-esophageal 5% Not associated with GERD May be more prominent when supine
Slide 13-

ppt slide no 13 content not found
Slide 14-

Cricopharyngeous Muscle Posterior wall of pharyngoesophageal junction Normally relaxes with swallowing to allow passage of food Incomplete relaxation can be seen as protective mechanism in GER patients Smooth impression at C5-6 level
Slide 15-

Cricopharyngeous Muscle Spasm
Slide 16-

Reflux Esophagitis Begins distally Thickened folds May have associated linear ulcers
Slide 17-

Benign Stricture Distal or mid-esophagus Smooth walls May be partially distensible
Slide 18-

Barrett’s Esophagus In approx. 10% of untreated reflux patients Metaplasia of normal squamous epithelium to a gastric columnar epithelium Nodular or granular mucosa Look for focal ulceration, stricture, and cancer (15% or 30x increase)
Slide 19-

Barrett’s Esophagus
Slide 20-

Aspiration Pneumonia Appearance will vary with amount of aspirate, patient position, reaction to aspiration Often bilateral, associated atalectasis Posterior and basal areas more common
Slide 21-

Aspiration Pneumonia
Slide 22-

Aspiration
Slide 23-

Esophageal Cancer
Slide 24-

Detection Barium studies are not as sensitive as endoscopy, but more readily available Suspect cases referred on to endoscopy CT, MRI not suitable for screening
Slide 25-

Barium Swallow Patterns Annular constricting Most common Many variations Polypoid mass Infiltrative In submucosa, may simulate benign stricture Ulcerated mass
Slide 26-

Esophageal Cancer
Slide 27-

Esophago-bronchial fistula
Slide 28-

Tumor Staging CT most commonly used Endoscopic ultrasound in some centers
Slide 29-

Computed Axial Tomography
Slide 30-

Computed Axial Tomography
Slide 31-

CT Staging Wall thickness Infiltration of paraesophageal fat planes Regional invasion (trachea, pleura, pericardium, vertebrae etc…) Lymphadenopathy Distant Metastases
Slide 32-

Normal CT
Slide 33-

Invasive Cancer
Slide 34-

Endoscopic Ultrasound Smaller lesions Assess wall involvement
Slide 35-

Esophageal Motility
Slide 36-

Normal Motility Best seen prone 3 phases: Oral, pharyngeal, esophageal
Slide 37-

Esophageal Phase Primary wave: Initiated by swallowing reflex Secondary Wave: As response to esophageal distension
Slide 38-

Normal Swallow
Slide 39-

Abnormal Motility Non-specific finding Seen in reflux esophagitis, radiation injury, caustic ingestion, myxedema, diabetes mellitus…
Slide 40-

Corkscrew esophagus Tertiary esophageal waves Non-propulsive Corkscrew or beaded appearance
Slide 41-

Scleroderma Fibrosis of smooth muscle Dilated esophagus with widely patent GEJ Resultant reflux Reflux esophagitis => ulceration => stricture (mild) => Barrett’s => neoplasm
Slide 42-

Scleroderma
Slide 43-

Achalasia Diffusely decreased or absent peristalsis Lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax Smooth, tapered distal esophageal narrowing Some passage of food in upright position
Slide 44-

Achalasia
Slide 45-

Neuromuscular Disorders Most common => stroke Parkinsonism, Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, CNS neoplasms, traumatic injury Modified barium swallow
Slide 46-

Zenker’s Diverticulum
Slide 47-

Zenker’s Herniation at posterior midline above UES Horizontal & oblique fibers of inferior constrictor muscles => Killian’s dehiscence Associated incomplete cricopharyngeus muscle relaxation Neck at superior aspect of sac Midline, but lateral extension with growth
Slide 48-

Zenker’s Diverticulum
Slide 49-

Zenker’s Diverticulum