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Facial Nerve Palsy PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Facial Nerve Palsy" by R V Lloyd.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about facial nerve palsy, also known as Bells palsy. Facial nerve palsy is a condition in which there is a sudden onset of weakness or paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face. It occurs due to damage to the facial nerve, which controls the muscles of the face.

Symptoms of facial nerve palsy may include drooping of one side of the face, difficulty closing one eye or smiling, drooling, loss of taste sensation, and increased sensitivity to sound. The severity of the symptoms can vary from mild to severe.

The exact cause of facial nerve palsy is not always clear, but it is believed to be related to a viral infection, such as herpes simplex virus or the common cold. Other possible causes include trauma to the face, ear infections, or tumors.

Treatment for facial nerve palsy may include medications such as corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and swelling, and antiviral medications if a viral infection is suspected. Physical therapy and facial exercises may also be recommended to help improve muscle strength and prevent contractures.

Most people with facial nerve palsy recover completely within six months to a year, although some may experience residual weakness or other symptoms. In rare cases, surgery may be required to correct severe cases of facial nerve palsy.

Tags : Facial Nerve Palsy, Bells palsy, paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face

Published on : Jun 23, 2023 | Views : 1911 | Downloads : 10

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Slide 1-

Facial Nerve Palsy R V Lloyd
Slide 2-

Facial Nerve Palsy
Slide 3-

Course of VII N
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Symptoms Facial weakness Lower motor neurone i.e. forehead also involved Upper motor neuronei.e. forehead muscle movement is unaffected
Slide 6-

Symptoms Facial weakness causes: Saliva drooling (poor lip seal) Eye closure poor(leaves eye unprotected)
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Symptoms Facial weakness Drooling Eye closure Ask about pain Any vesicles? (rare)
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Symptoms Facial weakness Drooling Eye closure ?Pain (Bell’s palsy or Ramsay Hunt syndrome) ?Vesicles (Ramsay Hunt syndrome) ?Hyperacusis (sensitive to loud sounds, due to stapedius muscle paparlysis)
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Symptoms Facial weakness Drooling Eye closure ?Pain ?Vesicles Hyperacusis Alteration in taste (Chorda Tympani nerve damage, branch of VII)
Slide 10-

Grading (House-Brackmann)
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Aetiology Idiopathic (= Bell's Palsy, ? Herpes Simplex) Infective Herpes Virus (type 1) Herpes Zoster (Ramsey Hunt syndrome) Lyme Disease
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Aetiology 1 Acquired Otitis media or Cholesteatoma Trauma – e.g. fractures of the skull base Neurological MS Guillain Barré Mononeuropathy – e.g. due to diabetes mellitus, sarcoidosis, or amyloidosis Neoplastic Posterior fossa tumours, primary and secondary Parotid gland tumours
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Aetiology 2 Sjögren's syndrome Hypertension and Eclampsia Melkersson's syndrome (recurrent facial palsy, chronic facial oedemaof the face and lips,and hypertrophy/fissuring of the tongue)
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Investigations Blood tests: ESR Lyme disease (Borrelia), ?HSV, HZ
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Geniculate ganglion }tear test Stapedial reflex{ taste{ }salivation Facial movement{ Anatomy
Slide 16-

Investigations Blood tests: ESR Lyme disease, ?HSV, HZ Stapedial reflexes
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Investigations Blood tests: ESR Lyme disease, ?HSV, HZ Stapedial reflexes Schirmer tear test
Slide 18-

Investigations Blood tests: ESR Lyme disease, ?HSV, HZ Stapedial reflexes Schirmer tear test MRI
Slide 19-

Investigations Blood tests: ESR Lyme disease, ?HSV, HZ Stapedial reflexes Schirmer tear test MRI Electroneurography
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Treatment Eye care
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Treatment Eye care Steroids (1 mg/kg/d, max 80 mg)
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Treatment Eye care Steroids Acyclovir (>2000mg /day) x ?/52
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Treatment Eye care Steroids Acyclovir (Zoster) ?surgical decompression
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Prognosis 70% recover fully, 80% recover near normal function without treatment
Slide 25-

Prognosis 70% recover fully, 80% recover near normal function Additional 17% with Rx steroids / antivirals Recent studies suggest no benefit of antivirals in Bell’s palsy
Slide 26-

Better prognosis: Partial palsy Treatment within 72 hours
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Poor prognosis Complete palsy No signs of recovery by three weeks Age >60 Severe pain Herpes zoster virus Associated with either hypertension, diabetes, or pregnancy
Slide 28-

Incomplete recovery Synkinesis Crocodile tears
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Treatment of complications Botulinum toxin Gold weights (eyelids) Facial plastics Facial reanimation
Slide 30-

Remember: Bell's palsy is probably caused by herpes viruses, mainly herpes simplex virus type 1 and herpes zoster virus Facial palsy improves after treatment with combined oral acyclovir and prednisolone Treatment of partial Bell's palsy is controversial; a few patients don't recover if left untreated Treatment is probably more effective before 72 hours and less effective after seven days A fifth of cases of acute facial palsy have an alternative cause that should be managed appropriately Failure to improve in 6/12 or recurrent, mandatory MRI of CPAs
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