Download Free Medical DNA PowerPoint Presentation

DNA PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Check out this medical presentation on DNA, which is titled "DNA", to know what is DNA, what is it used for, and why do we need it.

Tags : DNA, Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Published on : Jul 12, 2021 | Views : 2134 | Downloads : 0

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

DO Now: What is DNA? What is it used for? Why do we need it? DNA
Slide 2-

DNA = Makes up genes for all living things. What are genes?? Blueprints for us!! Genes are parts of DNA that code for particular traits or proteins. WHAT IS IT?
Slide 3-

DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Dee-oxy-ribo + nuke-lay-ick +Acid
Slide 4-

“Double Helix” shape DNA Structure
Slide 5-

Nucleotides are the basic units of DNA Recognize the similarities between the terms: Nucleotide Deoxyribonucleic acid nucleus. DNA is made up of Nucleotides
Slide 6-

Structure of a nucleotide A nucleotide is made of 3 components: A Phosphate A Nitrogen Base - A Sugar The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose. (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
Slide 7-

DNA NITROGEN BASES Four bases are: Thymine Adenine Cytosine Guanine
Slide 8-

Base pairing The Bases pair up with bases on another strand A group of 3 bases is called a “codon.” Codons code for amino acids.
Slide 9-

Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) always pairs with Guanine (G) The Rule:
Slide 10-

ppt slide no 10 content not found
Slide 11-

James Watson (L) and Francis Crick (R), and the model they built of the structure of DNA
Slide 12-

X-ray diffraction photograph of the DNA double helix
Slide 13-

What is the general structure of DNA? Double Helix What composes the DNA “backbone” or side pieces? Deoxyribose (sugar) & Phosphate What is the name of the 3-part unit of DNA called? Nucleotide What is each nucleotide made of? Sugar (Deoxyribose) Phosphate Nitrogen Base What are the bases? Adanine, Thyamine, Cytosine, Guanine What bases pair with each other? A+T C+G What is a Codon? A group of 3 bases (codes for an amino acid) Review of DNA
Slide 14-

ppt slide no 14 content not found
Slide 15-

RNA
Slide 16-

Ribonucleic Acid What is RNA?
Slide 17-

Created from DNA replication Single-strand Uracil base instead of Thyamine base Ribonucleic acid Uses ribose instead of deoxyribose Structure
Slide 18-

ppt slide no 18 content not found
Slide 19-

Protein Synthesis What is RNA used for?
Slide 20-

“Messenger” RNA is used to send messages from DNA to be used elsewhere (e.g. create proteins for hormones, repair cells, help the immune system, etc.) “Transfer” RNA uses “anticodons” to put amino acids in the correct order of mRNA codons Types: mRNA & tRNA
Slide 21-

Protein Synthesis = Making proteins Examples include: Hormones, Enzymes, Cell parts, Immune response, etc. Two steps are involved: Transcription & Translation Protein Synthesis using RNA?
Slide 22-

What does it mean to Transcribe? Hint: Trans + Scribe “To re-write” or “To copy” What does it mean to Translate? Hint: Trans + Late “To determine” or “to decipher” Transcription and Translation
Slide 23-

The majority of genes are expressed as the proteins they encode. The process occurs in two steps: Transcription = DNA → RNA Translation = RNA → protein Transcription vs. Translation
Slide 24-

DNA> RNA DNA is “unzipped” and new nucleotides are added to one side (creates mRNA) This is the template to be read later Occurs in the nucleus Transcription
Slide 25-

Enzymes unzip the DNA molecule Free RNA nucleotides pair with their complimentary DNA base pairs If a DNA sequence were AGC TAA CCG, the RNA bases would be UCG AUU GGC When base pairing is complete, the mRNA molecule breaks away the DNA strand rejoins mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to the ribosome. Steps of Transcription
Slide 26-

http://youtu.be/OtYz_3rkvPk http://youtu.be/5MfSYnItYvg Transcription Video
Slide 27-

Occurs in the Ribosome Codons from mRNA code for different amino acids and are “read” to create and assemble the protein tRNA uses “anticodons” to deposit the amino acids in the correct order Amino Acids are the building blocks of Proteins *See handout for codons and AA’s Translation: mRNA  Protein
Slide 28-

Not all codons code for an amino acid. Some contain instructions instead (start/stop) Stop codon: indicates that protein production stops at that point UAG, UAA, and UGA Start/Stop Codons
Slide 29-

tRNA (legos) tRNA brings the appropriate amino acid to the mRNA Anticodon: a series of 3 nucleotides that are the compliment of the codon Each anticodon has its specific amino acid See chart
Slide 30-

1) mRNA enters the Ribosome 2) tRNA attempts to bind to to complimentary codon on the mRNA If it “fits” the tRNA’s protein is deposited and the tRNA leaves Translation
Slide 31-

4) Strands of deposited amino acids create a protein 5) When the “stop” codon is reached (UAG) the process is finished. Translation continued..
Slide 32-

http://youtu.be/-zb6r1MMTkc http://youtu.be/8dsTvBaUMvw Translation Videos
Slide 33-

Requires mRNA & tRNA Transcription= DNA>RNA mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels to a ribosome Translation= RNA>Protein A Ribosome “reads” the mRNA codons (groups of 3 bases) and pairs the codons with anti-codons (complimentory codons) with amino acids attached The amino acids are linked to form a protein Protein Synthesis Summary
Slide 34-

http://youtu.be/983lhh20rGY Transcription & Translation Video
Slide 35-

Here is an overview.
Slide 36-

ppt slide no 36 content not found
Slide 37-

RNA is single stranded while DNA is double RNA sugar is ribose. DNA sugar is deoxyribose RNA contains the nitrogen base uracil (U) in place of DNA’s thymine (T) Recall differences of RNA and DNA
Slide 38-

DNA REPLICATION
Slide 39-

Occurs when cells multiply Copies the entire DNA strand REPLICTION OF DNA Chromosomes
Slide 40-

Replication of a portion of DNA= protein Synthesis Replication of an entire strand of DNA= replication of Chromosomes Partial or complete replication?
Slide 41-

DNA “unzips” like in the first step of transcription As the DNA unzips, the nucleotides are exposed Free nucleotides base pair with the exposed nucleotides If a nucleotide on the strand is a thymine, the free nucleotide that pairs with it would be adenine Replication Steps
Slide 42-

Replication Cont. Results in two molecules of DNA. New DNA consists of: One original strand One new strand
Slide 43-

DNA Replication http://youtu.be/hfZ8o9D1tus
Slide 44-

DNA Replication…to be continued….. Why would cells need to replicate? What kind of cells would need to be produced for YOU to survive AND reproduce?