DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Medical Presentation

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Published on : Feb 11, 2018 | Views : 2052 | Downloads : 9

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Digestive system Parts and Function
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DIGESTION STARTS ...
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Digestion: Why is Digestion Important? - is the process by which food and drink are broken into smallest parts so the body can use them to build and nourish cells and provide energy.
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Organs Of The Digestive System
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MOVEMENT OF FOOD THROUGH THE SYSTEM
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PARTS AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM MOUTH – also known as ORAL CAVITY. Teeth - The teeth are 32 small, hard organs found along the anterior and lateral edges of the mouth. The teeth are designed for cutting and grinding food into smaller pieces. Salivary Glands - Surrounding the mouth are 3 sets of salivary glands. The salivary glands are accessory organs that produce a watery secretion known as saliva. Saliva helps to moisten food and begins the digestion of carbohydrates. The body also uses saliva to lubricate food as it passes through the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus.
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Throat - Also called the pharynx, the throat is the next destination for food you've eaten. From here, food travels to the esophagus or swallowing tube. Esophagus - The esophagus is a muscular tube extending from the pharynx to the stomach. By means of a series of contractions, called peristalsis, the esophagus delivers food to the stomach Stomach - The stomach is a sac-like organ with strong muscular walls. In addition to holding the food, it's also a mixer and grinder. The stomach secretes acid and powerful enzymes that continue the process of breaking down the food. When it leaves the stomach, food is the consistency of a liquid or paste. From there the food moves to the small intestine. PARTS AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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Small Intestine - Made up of three segments, the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, the small intestine is a long tube loosely coiled in the abdomen (spread out, it would be more than 20 feet long). PARTS AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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Small Intestine - The small intestine continues the process of breaking down food by using enzymes released by the pancreas and bile from the liver. Bile is a compound that aids in the digestion of fat and eliminates waste products from the blood. Peristalsis (contractions) is also at work in this organ, moving food through and mixing it up with digestive secretions. The duodenum is largely responsible for continuing the process of breaking down food, with the jejunum and ileum being mainly responsible for the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. PARTS AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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Pancreas - Among other functions, the oblong pancreas secretes enzymes into the small intestine. These enzymes break down protein, fat, and carbohydrates from the food we eat. Liver - The liver has many functions, but two of its main functions within the digestive system are to make and secrete bile, and to cleanse and purify the blood coming from the small intestine containing the nutrients just absorbed. PARTS AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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Gallbladder - The gallbladder is a pear-shaped reservoir that sits just under the liver and stores bile. Bile is made in the liver then if it needs to be stored travels to the gallbladder through a channel called the cystic duct. During a meal, the gallbladder contracts, sending bile to the small intestine. PARTS AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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Colon (Large Intestine) - The ileum (last part of the small intestine) connects to the cecum (first part of the colon) in the lower right abdomen. The rest of the colon is divided into four parts: • The ascending colon travels up the right side of the abdomen. • The transverse colon runs across the abdomen. • The descending colon travels down the left abdomen. • The sigmoid colon is a short curving of the colon, just before the rectum. PARTS AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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PARTS AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Rectum The rectum (Latin for "straight") is an 8-inch chamber that connects the colon to the anus. It is the rectum's job to receive stool from the colon, to let you know there is stool to be evacuated, and to hold the stool until evacuation happens. When anything (gas or stool) comes into the rectum, sensors send a message to the brain. The brain then decides if the rectal contents can be released or not. If they can, the sphincters (muscles) relax and the rectum contracts, expelling its contents. If the contents cannot be expelled, the sphincters contract and the rectum accommodates, so that the sensation temporarily goes away. Anus The anus is the last part of the digestive tract. It consists of the pelvic floor muscles and the two anal sphincters (internal and external muscles). The lining of the upper anus is specialized to detect rectal contents. It lets us know whether the contents are liquid, gas, or solid. The pelvic floor muscle creates an angle between the rectum and the anus that stops stool from coming out when it is not supposed to. The anal sphincters provide fine control of stool. The internal sphincter keeps us from going to the bathroom when we are asleep, or otherwise unaware of the presence of stool. When we get an urge to go to the bathroom, we rely on our external sphincter to keep the stool in until we can get to the toilet
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PARTS AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM