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Corns and Calluses PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical presentation on Corns and Calluses, which is titled "Corns and Calluses", to know about corns and calluses, and treatment of corns and calluses.

Tags : Corns and Calluses, treatment

Published on : Jul 05, 2021 | Views : 3457 | Downloads : 5

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Corns
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Corns and Calluses Etiology/Pathology Corns and Calluses: marked hyperkeratosis in the stratum corneum Normal conditions: mitotic division equal to continual surface cell desquamation= complete replacement of epidermis in approximately 1 month Friction/pressure: increase mitotic activity
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Corns Corns Signs and Symptoms: Corn (Clavus): Small, raised, sharply demarcated hyperkeratotic lesion having a central core yellowish grey color, few mm to 1 cm or more Base is on the surface and the apex points inwards and presses on the nerve endings in the dermis causing pain Hard vs. soft
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Hard corns: on surface of the toes, appear shiny and polished Soft: whitish thickenings of the skin, usually found on the webs between the 4th and 5th toes. Hard corns (usually) and soft corns (less frequently) are caused by pressure from underlying bony prominences Pressure from inappropriate, tight-fitting shoes is the most frequent cause of pain from corns
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Soft corn
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Hard corns calluses
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Calluses Broad-based with a central core with sharply circumscribed margins and diffuse thickening of the skin Indefinite borders, few mm to several cms Raised and yellow and have the normal ridges of the skin on its surface Calluses form on the joints and weight bearing areas, e.g. palms of the hands and the sides and soles of the feet
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Calluses Factors: friction (caused by loose-fitting shoes or tight-fitting hosiery), walking barefoot, and structural biomechanical problems contribute to the development of calluses Structural problems: improper weight distribution, pressure, and development of bunions with age Can be symptomatic and protective
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Treatment of Corns and Calluses Goals: (1) remove lesion (2) prevent recurrence Ultimate success depends on eliminating the causes, pressure and friction Careful about the exclusions for self-treatment
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Exclusions for Self-Treatment DM, a peripheral circulatory disease or other medical condition that C/I use of foot care products Lesions bleeding or oozing purulent material Anatomic defect or fault in body weight distribution Extensive or painful, debilitating corns/calluses on foot Proper but unsuccessful self-medication attempt Hx of RA and complaint of painful metatarsal heads or deviation of great toe Physical or mental impairment that make following product instructions difficult
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Nonpharmacologic Therapy
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Nonpharmacologic Therapy Soaking in warm (not hot) water throughout treatment for at least 5 minutes to remove dead tissue Remove dead tissue gently (rough towel, callus file or pumice stone) Use pressure relieving pads/cushion Eliminate pressure/friction surgery
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Orthotic
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Pharmacologic Therapy Only salicylic acid is approved by the FDA Salicylic acid: The oldest keratolytic agent 0.5%-40% depending on the intended use and dosage form MOA: 1. Decreases keratinocyte adhesion 2. Increases water binding which leads to a hydration of keratin Evidence submitted to FDA: presoaking produced no significant positive effects for any efficacy parameter
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Salicylic acid Warning/Contraindications: Irritated skin Any infected or reddened area Moles, birth marks, Warts with hair growing from them, genital warts, warts on face or mucous membranes (inside mouth, nose, anus,, genitals or lips) If diabetic If poor circulation
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Treatment is by epidermabrasion or the use of hydrocolloid plasters or keratolytic agents.
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Epidermabrasion Epidermabrasion does not involve the use of pharmacological agents but is a physical process that involves removal of the horny skin by the use of a mechanical aid. Several gently abrasive materials and appliances are available, ranging from emery boards and pumice stones to specially designed files and synthetic pumice-like blocks
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Hydrocolloid and hydrogel plasters Hydrocolloids and hydrogels are complex polymer formulations used in wound management. They swell in the presence of moisture absorbed from the skin; in corn and callus plasters, the hydrocolloid or hydrogel forms a soft, protective gel-like cushion that rehydrates and softens the hardened tissue. The plaster is left in situ for about a week; the corn or callused skin should be removed when the plaster is removed.
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Hydrocolloid and hydrogel plasters
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Keratolytic agent–salicylic acid
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Keratolytic agent–salicylic acid Cautions As salicylic acid is caustic to normal skin, care should be taken to prevent preparations from spreading beyond affected areas. True sensitivity to salicylic acid is very rare, but a few patients react to colophony present in collodions and plaster bases. Preparations containing high concentrations of salicylic acid should be avoided by patients who are sensitive to aspirin
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Product selection points Epidermabrasion and hydrocolloid plasters are the safest and most suitable methods for treating corns and calluses. A wide range of preparations containing salicylic acid is available, all of which should be effective if used properly. Product recommendations First-line treatment – epidermabrasion or hydrocolloid plasters. Second-line treatment – plasters or a liquid application containing salicylic acid.
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Products in Jordan Ozone cosmetics 44 with aloe vera and Henna
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Products in Jordan (students presentation)
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Products in Jordan
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Products in Jordan