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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease" by Jessica Van Fleet-Green, MD.

This medical PowerPoint presentation talks about Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a chronic lung disease that causes obstruction of airflow in the lungs. It is typically caused by long-term exposure to irritants such as tobacco smoke, air pollution, and chemical fumes. COPD is characterized by symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing, which can worsen over time.

COPD is a progressive disease that can lead to serious health complications, including respiratory failure, heart problems, and an increased risk of lung cancer. There is currently no cure for COPD, but treatments can help manage symptoms and slow disease progression.

Treatment options for COPD include medications such as bronchodilators and steroids, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking and avoiding environmental irritants. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to improve lung function.

Prevention is the best approach to COPD, and avoiding exposure to risk factors such as tobacco smoke and air pollution is the best way to reduce the risk of developing the disease. If you are experiencing symptoms of COPD, it is important to see a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Tags : Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, COPD, chronic lung disease, Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine PowerPOint presentation

Published on : Apr 12, 2023 | Views : 1315 | Downloads : 1

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Slide 1-

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease The Basics Jessica Van Fleet-Green, MD
Slide 2-

Goals Be able to explain normal lungs Understand the basics of COPD List 3 ways the diagnosis of COPD impacts patients Be able to recognize prevention strategies for COPD and other conditions once a patient has COPD Be able to recognize standard treatment regimens and relay that information to patients
Slide 3-

Normal Lung Function Chest Cavity Right lung: 3 lobes Left lung: 2 lobes Mediastinum Area between lungs which houses vessels, heart, and esophagus Air enters nares (nostrils)nasopharynx (area of the throat behind the nose) oropharynx (area of the throat behind the mouthlarynx (voice-box)trachea (windpipe)bronchibronchiolesalveoli Alveoli=gas exchange
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Gas Exchange Airways deliver oxygen (O2 in) Alveoli off load CO2 so you can breath off the CO2 (CO2 out)
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What IS Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease? Patient is greater than age 45 Respiratory symptoms of cough, shortness of breath Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7 History of cigarette smoking and/or other pollutants
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What happens? Air Trapping & Poor Gas Exchange Small airway (obstruction) And parenchyma destruction (emphysema)
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How does it impact patients? Periods of acute exacerbation Increased Morbidity Provider Visits ED Visits Hospitalizations Increased Mortality Death Economic Burden COPD Exacerbations leading cause of COPD expense Direct costs in US per year: 32 BILLION Indirect costs in US per year: 20 BILLION
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Risk of Developing COPD Tobacco smoke Indoor air pollution (particularly women in developing countries) Occupational Exposures (organic and inorganic dusts and chemicals) Outdoor air pollution (small effect) Genetic factors (alpha-1 antitrypsin) Aging and Female Sex Lung Growth and development (low birth weight, respiratory infections) Socioeconomic status (poor socioeconomic status = high risk of COPD) Chronic Bronchitis Asthma Infections (history of severe childhood respiratory infection)
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video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T1G9Rl65M-Q
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Primary Prevention of COPD Don’t smoke! Leading cause: Tobacco Smoking Marijuana, Pipe, Cigar Outdoor, occupational, indoor air pollution (biomass fuels-wood in poorly ventilated areas) COPD is defined as preventable AND treatable Smoking harms nearly every organ in the body Smoking results in more than 440,000 premature deaths each year in the US* Lung Cancer (128,922) Heart Disease (126,005) COPD (92,915) *data from 2000-2004
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COPD-related Deaths Average # of deaths per year from COPD (2000-2004) = 92K Number of US soldiers killed during Vietnam War-(1957-1975 )= 58K
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When to consider COPD Progressive Shortness of breath over time that worsens with exercise Chronic Cough Recurrent Wheeze Chronic Sputum Production
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Primary Prevention of Influenza and Pneumonia Healthy People 2020 90% of patients in post acute and long term care will be immunized against pneumonia and influenza INFLUENZA: High Dose Flu Vaccine four times as much antigen licensed specifically for adults 65 years and older Number needed to vaccinate to keep ONE patient out of the hospital during flu season = 69 PNEUMOCOCCAL: adults 65 years and older need TWO PCV 13: prefer to administer first (better immune response if administered first) PPSV23: administer 1 year after PCV 13 Be a Vaccine Champion!
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Secondary prevention Secondary prevention: aims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred….regular exams, screening tests, medications Early diagnosis and recognition is key Tip of the iceberg phenomenon creating possible underdiagnosis and undertreatment
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Patient Treatment
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Brief Strategies to help with smoking cessation: The 5A’s ASK: every time “are you ready to quit” ADVISE: every time “This must be tough for you and I know you know it is best for your health, but I want to urge you to quit smoking and see if I may help” ASSESS: Is the patient willing to make a quit attempt **It takes a smoker an AVERAGE of 7 times to successfully stop for good! Ask the patient to rate how likely they are to achieve their goal (1= Not Sure 5= Maybe 10 = VERY sure) ASSIST: aid the patient, come up with a quit plan and give resources Call 1-800-QUIT-NOW Download 2MorrowQuit, a free, research-based smoking cessation smartphone app, from www.doh.wa.gov/quit The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) requires most insurers to offer the following tobacco cessation counseling and pharmacotherapy treatments, without cost sharing, for up to two quit attempts per year ARRANGE: schedule follow up contact, tell the patient “I want to call and check in with you to see how you are doing, how about 2 weeks?”
Slide 18-

references Thys van der Molen and Schokker. Primary Prevention of COPD in Primary Care. July11, 2009. Proceeding of the American Thoracic Society. https://www.verywellhealth.com/copd-pathophysiology-914745 https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GOLD-2019-v1.7-FINAL-14Nov2018-WMS.pdf