Prevent the Spread and Infection of Brucellosis Medical Presentation

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Case Study 15 Tim Lunsford Microbiology Lab
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A 35-year old Native-American male presents in the clinic with a complaint of recurrent low-grade fevers, sweating, weakness, muscle pains and a loss of about 10% of his body weight over a 4 month period. The worsening weakness and muscle pain prompted the visit. The patient reports that he has been working on a bison slaughter line owned by his tribe, and blood and tissue juices often splash into his face or contaminate minor hand and arm injuries. He likes to hunt and fish. He is married and has two children. He eats fairly well, but has not been as hungry lately. He had rheumatic fever as a child and was in a fairly serious car accident three years earlier, resulting in a leg broken in three places. He feels he was physically fit prior to the past 4 months. He likes to play basketball and softball. He has had all the usual childhood immunizations, but does not see the doctor often. On physical examination, the patient has a temperature of 101ºF. He has mildly swollen lymph nodes in the neck and under the arms. He has blood pressure of 136/86, and a normal heart rate without a heart murmur. There is no evidence of acute respiratory or gastrointestinal infection. Case Overview
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Patient Diagnosis End Result: Brucellosis (Brucella abortus) Patient is a laborer in the bison slaughterhouse industry in which the bison is the top carrier of Brucellosis. The patient shows the major signs of the infection which include: Fevers Sweating Muscle Weakness Muscle Pain Loss of appetite (anorexia) Patient has been in contact with blood and tissue fluids from the cattle. A simple Brucella microagglutination test (BMAT) can be done to verify presence of antibodies to Brucella abortus (CDC, 2012).
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Brucellosis Description Prokaryotic Cell Defined as Bacteria Gram -, Cocci Bacillus Aerobic Worldwide but not very common in the U.S Methods of Transmission: Contact, Ingestion, Vaccine, Airborne, Accidents Portale of Entry: Skin, Digestive System, Respiratory System
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Brucellosis (Brucella abortus)
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Patient Treatment Plan CDC Recommended Treatment Guide There have been many trials and tests of medication done to treat Brucellosis. Many antibiotic combinations have been tried in the treatment such as: Doxycycline / Rifampicin Doxycycline / Streptomycin Quinolones / Rifampicin Doxycycline / Gentamycin After trials have been done, the CDC recommends the following patient treatment: Take antibiotics Doxycycline and Rifampicin in combination for a minimum of 6-8 weeks Periodic tests will be ran to continue to check for antibodies against bacteria
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Patient Preventative Measures How to prevent the spread and infection of Brucellosis Wash your hands after coming in direct contact Wear Gloves Wear protective clothing and face masks in areas where there is a risk of splashing of fluids and secretions Stay away from live vaccine cultures as it is very contagious in humans Keep killing areas separate from that of slaughter and production facilities to reduce the risk of contamination