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cardiovascular PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : about cardiovascular biochemister

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Published on : Mar 25, 2020 | Views : 2421 | Downloads : 6

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Cardiovascular system
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Normal regulation The function of the heart is to contract and pump oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs. The regulation of heart rate is by: via the postganglionic fibres that release noradrenaline, which acts on B₁ adrenoreceptors to increase the slope of the pace maker potential via the vagus nerve that forms synapses with postganglionic cells in SAN and AVN. When stimulated, acetylcholine which binds on to M₂ receptors, which acts to decrease the slope of the pacemaker potential
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What if there are changes in atrial pressure ??
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Cardiovascular clinical manifestation Cardiovascular disease is a serious condition, no matter what form it presents itself in. Knowing the risks and warning signs can help you keep an eye out for any problems 1-Risk factors: Your risk of developing some type of cardiovascular disease depends on factors that you can’t control, and those you can.
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-Risk Factors You CAN’T Control: Age (your risk generally increases as you get older) Gender (men are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease, but women are quickly catching up) Family history
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Risk Factors You CAN Control :Cholesterol Activity level/exercise Smoking Weight Blood pressure Diabetes
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Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is beautifully designed. Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is beautifully designed. Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is beautifully designed. Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is beautifully designed. Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is beautifully designed. 2-warning signs General Warning Signs and Symptoms : Although each type of cardiovascular disease typically has different symptoms, many have similar warning signs. Extreme fatigue Constant dizziness or lightheadedness A fast heart rate (more than 100 beats per minute) A new, irregular heartbeat
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5)Chest pain or discomfort during activity that goes away with rest 6)Difficulty breathing during regular activities and rest 7)A respiratory infection or cough that becomes worse 8)Restlessness or confusion 9)Changes in sleep patterns 10)Loss of appetite or nausea
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Warning Signs and Symptoms of Heart Attack These warning signs signal that you’re having a heart attack: 1-Pain or pressure in the center of your chest that lasts more than a few minutes, or goes away and comes back 2-Discomfort spreading or radiating to your back, jaw, throat, or arm 3-Nausea, lightheadedness, or cold sweats 4-Indigestion or heartburn 5-Weakness, anxiety, or shortness of breath 6-Rapid or irregular heartbeats
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If you’re a woman, you’ll likely feel chest pain or discomfort, but not always. These are the other warning signs to pay attention to: 1)Shortness of breath 2)Nausea/vomiting 3)Back or jaw pain 4)Loss of appetite or heartburn 5)Tiredness or weakness 6)Coughing 7)Heart flutters or palpitations so please if you feel any of these symptoms ,you should call your doctor immediately
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tests Blood tests: Laboratory tests are used to detect the risk factors for heart diseases. These include detection of the fats, cholesterol and lipid components of blood including LDL, HDL, Triglycerides. Blood sugar and Glycosylated hemoglobin is measured for detection of diabetes. C-reactive protein (CRP) and other protein markers like Apolipoprotein A1 and B are used to detect inflammation that may lead to heart diseases.
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EKG/ECG (Electrocardiogram) This is a simple and a painless test that records the heart’s electrical activity. The patient is strapped to the instrument with several patches or leads placed over his or her chest, wrists and ankles. A small portable machine records the activities of the heart on a strip of graph paper. The test shows how fast the heart is beating and its rhythm. An EKG/ECG can help detect a heart attack,attacks of angina, arrhythmias .
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Stress Testing For this test, the patient is made to work hard e.g. run on a treadmill or exercise while the leads of EKG/ECG are placed over their body. Those who cannot exercise are given pills to raise their heart rate. The test detects the effects of the exercise on the heart.
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Echocardiography This test uses sound waves to create a moving picture of the heart. This is also a painless test where a probe is rolled over the chest and the machine creates the image of the heart on the monitor. This provides information on the shape, size, workings, valves and chambers of the heart. Echocardiography may also be combined with Doppler to show the areas of poor blood supply to the heart.It shows the areas of the heart muscle that are not contracting normally, and previous injury to the heart muscle
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Cardiovascular disease treatment Treatments for cardiovascular diseases can differ by the type of condition. Changing parts of your lifestyle like your diet, exercise, and alcohol and tobacco use Medications, including ones that treat risk factors like blood pressure or cholesterol or to break up clots Medical procedures like having a balloon or stent placed in your blood vessel, heart valve surgery, or coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
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Aspirin Therapy For more than 100 years, aspirin has been used as a pain reliever. Since the 1970s, aspirin has also been used to prevent and manage heart disease and stroke Digoxin If you have heart disease, this is a medicine that helps an injured or weakened heart work more efficiently. Antiplatelet Drugs They are a group of powerful medications that prevent the formation of blood clots. (Clopidogrel
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Beta-Blocker Therapy Beta-blockers are one of the most widely prescribed class of drugs to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). They are a mainstay treatment for congestive heart failure. (Inderal) Antiarrhythmics These drugs treat abnormal heart rhythms caused by irregular electrical activity of your heart.) Procainamide( ACE Inhibitors These widen arteries to lower your blood pressure and make it easier for your heart to pump blood. They also block some of the unpleasant things that can happen with heart failure.(Captopril.)
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