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Blood Vessels and Circulation PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical presentation on Blood Pressure, which is titled "Blood Vessels and Circulation", to know about Blood Vessels and Circulation.

Tags : Blood Pressure, Blood Vessels, Circulation, Arterial blood pressure

Published on : Jun 02, 2021 | Views : 1867 | Downloads : 3

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Slide 1-

Blood Vessels and Circulation
Slide 2-

Arterial blood pressure Maintains blood flow through capillary beds Rises during ventricular systole and falls during ventricular diastole Pulse is a rhythmic pressure oscillation that accompanies each heartbeat Pulse pressure = difference between systolic and diastolic pressures Mean arterial pressure (MAP) Arterial blood pressure
Slide 3-

Figure 21.10 Figure 21.10 Pressures within the Cardiovascular System
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Figure 21.10 Figure 21.10 Pressures within the Cardiovascular System
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Flow of water and solutes from capillaries to interstitial space Plasma and interstitial fluid are in constant communication Assists in the transport of lipids and tissue proteins Accelerates the distribution of nutrients Carries toxins and other chemical stimuli to lymphoid tissues Capillary Exchange
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Diffusion Filtration Hydrostatic pressure (CHP) Reabsorption Processes that move fluids across capillary walls
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Figure 21.12 Capillary Filtration Figure 21.12
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Figure 21.12 Capillary Filtration Figure 21.12
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Capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP) Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure (ICOP) Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (IHP) Forces acting across capillary walls
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Processes involved in filtration and reabsorption include Net hydrostatic pressure CHP - IHP Net colloid osmotic pressure BCOP - ICOP Filtration and reabsorption
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Figure 21.13 Figure 21.13 Forces Acting across Capillary Walls
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Assisted by two processes Muscular compression The respiratory pump Venous pressure and venous return Animation: Factors that Affect Blood Pressure PLAY
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SECTION 21-3 Cardiovascular Regulation
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Autoregulation Neural mechanisms Endocrine mechanisms Cardiovascular Regulation
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Local vasodilators accelerate blood flow in response to: Decreased tissue O2 levels or increased CO2 levels Generation of lactic acid Release of nitric acid Rising K+ or H+ concentrations in interstitial fluid Local inflammation Elevated temperature Autoregulation of blood flow within tissues
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Figure 21.14 Figure 21.14 Homeostatic Adjustments that Compensate for a Reduction in Blood Pressure and Blood Flow
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Figure 21.14 Figure 21.14 Homeostatic Adjustments that Compensate for a Reduction in Blood Pressure and Blood Flow
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Adjust CO and PR to maintain vital organ blood flow Medullary centers of regulatory activity include Cardiac centers Vasomotor centers control Vasoconstriction via adrenergic release of NE Vasodilation via direct or indirect release of NO Neural Mechanisms
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Baroreceptors reflexes monitor stretch Atrial baroreceptors monitor blood pressure Chemoreceptor reflexes monitor CO2, O2, or pH levels Reflex control of cardiovascular function Animation: Autoregulation and Capillary Dynamics PLAY
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Figure 21.15 Figure 21.15 Baroreceptor Reflexes of the Carotid and Aortic Sinuses
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Figure 21.16 The Chemoreceptor Reflexes Figure 21.16
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Antidiuretic hormone – released in response to decreased blood volume Angiotensin II – released in response to a fall in blood pressure Erythropoietin – released if BP falls or O2 levels are abnormally low Natriuretic peptides – released in response to excessive right atrial stretch Hormones and cardiovascular regulation
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Figure 21.17a Figure 21.17 The Regulation of Blood Pressure and Blood Volume
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Figure 21.17b Figure 21.17 The Regulation of Blood Pressure and Blood Volume