Blood brain barrier(BBB) Medical Presentation

Blood Brain Barrier PowerPoint Presentation

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Published on : Mar 24, 2019 | Views : 4277 | Downloads : 12

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Blood brain barrier(BBB) kudzai and graham
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BBB It is a diffusion barrier, which impedes influx of most compounds from blood to brain. Three cellular elements of the brain microvasculature compose the BBB, which are endothelial cells, astrocyte end-feet and pericytes
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structure consists mainly of tight junctions that seal together the endothelial cells of brain blood capillaries and a thick basement membrane that surrounds the capillaries. astrocytes are one type of neuroglia; the processes of many astrocytes press up against the capillaries and secrete chemicals that maintain the permeability characteristics of the tight junctions.
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Cont” The tight junction is formed by an intricate complex of transmembrane protiens with cytoplasmic accessory protiens The tight juction are strengthened and maintained by the interaction or communication of astrocytes and pericytes with brain endothelia cells
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importance A few water-soluble substances, such as glucose, cross the BBB by active transport. Other substances, such as creatinine, urea, and most ions, cross the BBB very slowly. Still other substances—proteins and most antibiotic drugs—do not pass at all from the blood into brain tissue. However, lipid-soluble substances, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, alcohol, and most anesthetic agents, are able to access brain tissue freely.
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Ion regulation Stable environment for neural function Combination of specific ion channel and transporters keeps the ionic composition optimal for synaptic signalling function
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Nuerotransmitters Since the CNS and PNS use many of the same nuerotransmitters , the BBB also keeps the central and peripheral transimmitter pools separate , minimising croos talk
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macromolecules BBB prevents many macromolecules from entering the brain
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Neurotoxins Protective barrierswhich shields the CNS from neurotoxins substances circulating in the blood
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Brain nutrients Low passive permeability membrane to allow nutrient to pass through
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Cont” In cases of trauma and inflammation it blocks the BBB Opening of BBB` s tight junction can occur in inflammation contributing to brain odema