Download Free Medical Basic Introduction to Speckle Tracking Echocardiography PowerPoint Presentation

Basic Introduction to Speckle Tracking Echocardiography PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Basic Introduction to Speckle Tracking Echocardiography" by Mr Adrian Thomson.

This medical PowerPoint presentation talks about Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE).

Speckle tracking echocardiography is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses standard echocardiography to measure myocardial deformation and strain. STE analyzes the motion of small, reflective “speckles” within the cardiac muscle to quantify changes in myocardial tissue velocity, displacement, and strain.

By tracking these speckles over time, STE can detect subtle changes in cardiac function that are not visible with traditional echocardiography, such as early signs of myocardial ischemia or changes in ventricular contractility. STE is particularly useful for assessing regional myocardial function and identifying early signs of cardiomyopathy or heart failure.

STE has become increasingly popular in clinical practice due to its ability to provide more accurate and objective measurements of cardiac function compared to traditional echocardiography. It is also a useful tool for monitoring the effects of cardiac interventions and guiding treatment decisions.

Tags : Speckle tracking echocardiography, non-invasive imaging technique, myocardial deformation and strain, myocardial tissue velocity, cardiology

Published on : Mar 17, 2023 | Views : 1629 | Downloads : 1

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Slide 1-

Basic Introduction to Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Mr Adrian Thomson
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Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Speckle tracking is a method whereby speckle artefacts (small areas of higher echogenicity) within an ultrasound image are analysed. By the tracking of speckles within the ventricle wall throughout the cardiac cycle information can be obtained on the motion vectors direction and velocity of displacement . Comparing this motion of individual speckles to each other allows sensitive segmental or global deformation analysis of the myocardium i.e. magnitude and timing of when the myocardial expands (diastole) or contracts (systole). Basic parameters Motion –Displacement / Velocity plus Deformation –Strain / Stain rate
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Basic Parameters -Motion Displacement and Velocity are vectors of Motion Displacement is the vector change of position of an object in distance and direction measured in units of length. This distance from the starting position is not the same as distance travelled . Velocity is a measurement of this displacement measured in units of length per time. A positive or negative sign specifies the direction
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Basic Parameters -Deformation Strain Strain is the degree of deformation of an object i.e. Stretching , relative to its original length and is expressed in percent. Strain can be Negative / shortening and positive / lengthening View Longitudinal Radial Circumferential Systolic -Shortening + Thickening - Shortening Diastolic +Lengthening - Thinning +Lengthening The force behind strain is called "stress". The relationship between stress and strain is the Cardio compliance (how easily a chamber of the heart expands when it is filled with a volume of blood).
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Basic Parameters -Deformation Strain Rate Strain Rate is the rate of strain/deformation i.e. change in strain per time unit /s, or s-1 An object can have the same strain, but different strain rate’s A B A and B have the same positive strain. The Strain rate of object A is higher than B
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Basic Parameters - Motion and Deformation A B A moving object does not undergo deformation if every part of the object moves with the same velocity e.g. a stiff (fibrotic) section of myocardium can still have motion due to tethering to surrounding healthy muscle , but not deformation. If different parts of an object have different velocities, the object deforms i.e. changes shape A-Object is moving with all parts at same velocity -motion but no deformation B- Object is moving with different parts having different velocity's –differential motion and deformation Further reading http://folk.ntnu.no/stoylen/strainrate/Basic_concepts.html
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Assessing Cardiac Physiology
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Assessing Cardiac Physiology Systolic Assessment Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) , similar to EF as a functional measurement , but more reproducible and detects subclinical myocardial dysfunction before LVEF Time to peak , segmental or the averaged global “longitudinal (peak systolic ) strain rate (LSR)” expressed in Pk 1/s , plus peak longitudinal strain expressed in “T2P ms” can both be used to assess subtle systolic changes that are not measurable with traditional volume cavity-based echocardiographic parameters e.g. ejection fraction (EF). Negative strain in Longitudinal view Clinical Example's include – Analysis of cardiac contractile dysfunction before the onset of myocardial hypertrophy, analysis of Myocardial dysfunction in Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) conditions and Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)
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Assessing Cardiac Physiology Diastolic Assessment Analysis of Diastolic dysfunction via mitral valve Doppler measurement’s of E A wave ,DT and IVRT is very challenging in adult mice , so it is possible to utilise the more robust alternative speckle derived measurement of Diastolic dysfunction . In Time To Peak analysis, six segmental sections of the longitudinal Left ventricle ( anterior /posterior -Base, mid and apex) can be analysed for peak negative /diastolic strain rate , this is referred to as the reverse peak to differentiate from peak positive /systolic strain rate . The average of the six regional segments called “Reverse Longitudinal strain rate” (rLSR) is a sensitive global diastolic measurement.
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Diastolic Assessment In the paper “Echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic function in mouse models of heart “ by Moritz Schnellea , Norman Catiboga and Ajay M Shah et al. , the algorithm below utilising rLSR in conjunction with left atrial size was proposed for assessment of LV diastolic dysfunction in mice can be applied to differentiate between chronic and restrictive diastolic dysfunction. An increase in LV filling pressure restricts left atrial ventricular blood filling and can cause left atrial enlargement Assessing Cardiac Physiology https://www.jmmc-online.com/article/S0022-2828(17)30330-9/fulltext
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Assessing Cardiac Physiology Myocardial infarction (MI)/ischemia-reperfusion (IR) Assessment Subtle systolic changes in deformation (strain), or strain rate (rate of deformation) can be analysed in regional segments to determine the level and degree of infarcted tissue or globally with GLS . The standard deviation of time to peak longitudinal strain (T2P expressed in “ms”) across the 6 segment’s can be used to analyse dyssynchrony / mechanical dispersion , also maybe a useful measurement in dilated cardiomyopathy .
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Further reading http://folk.ntnu.no/stoylen/strainrate/Basic_concepts.html Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Visualsonics Strain Tutorials April 2015 Webinar - On Demand Tutorial: How to Measure Cardiac Wall Strain https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aC4dNaDh9og Oct 2017 VevoStrain Webinar - Understanding Subtle Cardiac Changes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qdr9Z0itTdo&t=2670s