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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : types of ADHD, treatment

Tags : adhd, hyperactivity,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,disorders of childhood,hyperactivity disorder

Published on : Aug 11, 2022 | Views : 1024 | Downloads : 2

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Slide 1-

Bina, 4nd std. * Makes silly mistakes * Needs constant supervision * Doesn’t remember * Loses things frequently
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Elvis, Senior K.G. Unable to sit at one place in the class Very talkative loud and noisy Clumsy & mischievous Can’t wait for his turn while playing
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Imran, 8th std. Accident prone Puts himself & others in embarrassing situations Ends up breaking things without such intensions
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Unsolicited advice In order to establish a rapport with these children, watch cartoon & animation films regularly
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Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder
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* About 2-4% of the children suffer from this disorder. * It is more frequently seen in boys than in girls.
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Cardinal features * Inattentiveness * Hyperactivity * Impulsivity
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Inattentiveness * Doesn’t complete the given task * Flits from activity to activity * Gets bored easily (except cartoon films) * Makes silly / careless mistakes * Needs constant supervision * Doesn’t seem to listen
Slide 9-

Inattentiveness * Doesn’t follow instructions * Doesn’t improve with threat / punishment * Difficulty in organizing * Avoids task requiring sustained attention * Forgetful / Doesn’t remember * Loses things frequently
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Hyperactivity * Constantly fidgety, squirmy & restless * Can’t keep his hands to self * Keeps on touching things in the vicinity * Unable to sit at one place * Keeps on moving in the class-room * Very talkative, loud, noisy
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Hyperactivity * Answers before the question is asked * Interrupts / intrudes in the conversation * Jumpy, doesn’t walk but appears to be running and dancing on the road * Appears to be always on the go * Clumsy and mischievous * Can’t wait for his turn while playing
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Impulsivity * Accident prone, gets hurt easily * Puts himself and others in awkward and embarrassing situations * Ends up breaking things without such intentions
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* Attention deficit interferes with their studies * Hyperactive behavior disturbs the class. * Impulsivity makes them accident prone
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Consequences * Unable to pay attention in the class * Gets easily distracted * Remains behind in academic performance * Ends up disturbing the class * Frequent call-outs in the class * Gets frequent scolding and punishment * Becomes a scapegoat / black-sheep of the class
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Management* Strategies for improving scholastic performance* Strategies for improving behavior* Medications
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Counseling Physiological hyperactivity Inattentiveness & hyperactivity would improve as they grow older and by puberty (age of 14-16 year) they will mature out of it Have to be careful and vigilant Medications – if required
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Behaviour therapy Behavior therapy is an effective treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that can improve a child’s behavior, self-control, and self-esteem Parents have the greatest influence on their young child’s behavior. Only therapy that focuses on training parents is recommended for young children with ADHD because young children are not mature enough to change their own behavior without their parents’ help.
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Behaviour therapy
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Other points to consider.. Nutrition Sleep hygiene Simplify your child’s routine ADHD treatment starts at home
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ADHD Counseling By and large food additives and some food items like chocolates or aerated drinks do not make a child hyperactive If they have observed such a thing than we need to come out with some practical solution and avoid depriving the child of these items which he likes
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METHYLPHENIDATE START WITH 5-10 MG BEFORE GOING TO SCHOOL GRADUALLY INCREASE TO 20-50 MG IF REQUIRED
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METHYLPHENIDATE MAY KILL APPETITE MAY CAUSE INSOMNIA MAY CAUSE TICS MAY INTERFERE WITH GROWTH ADDICTION AND PSYCHOSIS RARELY AT VERY HIGH DOSAGE
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Atomoxetine A new, non-stimulant option for the treatment of ADHD It is a highly selective antagonist of pre-synaptic norepinephrine transporter Potent and selective inhibitor of norepinephrine reuptake (NARI)
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Atomoxetine It has little or no affinity for other adrenergic receptors or other neurotransmitter transporters or receptors It increases norepinephrine and dopamine in prefrontal cortex but does not increase dopamine in nigrostriatal dopaminergic system
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Tolerability Decrease in appetite & weight loss (14%) Nausea & vomiting (12%) Dizziness (06%) Minimal chances of abuse/addiction, insomnia, involuntary movements, psychosis, & growth retardation.
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Dosage & administration Start with 0.5 mg/kg body weight i.e. 10 mg or 18 mg as single dose in the morning Increase the dose to 1.2 mg/kg body weight if required It may be given in 2 divided doses – in the morning & late afternoon or early evening
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How long to continue the treatment? The treatment may be continued for a period of 3-6 months at a time to as long as required – i.e. for a couple of years, till the child matures-out of his ADHD. Review every 3-6 months, the need to continue the treatment