Download Free Medical Arteriosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) PowerPoint Presentation

Arteriosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Check out this medical presentation on Artery, which is titled "Arteriosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)", to know about arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Arteriosclerosis is a disease of the arteries characterized by thickening, loss of elasticity and calcification of arterial walls. It results in decreased blood supply particularly to the cerebrum and lower extremities.

Tags : Artery, Arteriosclerosis, Coronary Heart Disease, CHD, arterial walls, blood supply, cerebrum

Published on : Jun 02, 2021 | Views : 1357 | Downloads : 2

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

Arteriosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
Slide 2-

Arteriosclerosis Disease of the arteries characterized by thickening, loss of elasticity and calcification of arterial walls Resulting in decreased blood supply particularly to the cerebrum and lower extremities Often develops with: aging hypertension diabetes
Slide 3-

ppt slide no 3 content not found
Slide 4-

Progression of Arteriosclerosis
Slide 5-

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Seven million Americans effected Caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries No. 1 killer of men and women in U.S. >500,000 each year > 60 million Americans have some form of coronary vascular disease (CVD) including high BP, CAD, CHD, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction and others >2,600 Americans die each day of CVD, i.e., 1 death/33 sec ~ $299 billion cost to the U.S.
Slide 6-

Risk factors High blood pressure (hypertension) High blood cholesterol Smoking Obesity Physical inactivity Diabetes Stress (?) Controllable
Slide 7-

ppt slide no 7 content not found
Slide 8-

Risk Factors (cont’d) Gender Heredity Age Uncontrollable
Slide 9-

Major Risk Factors: The Big Three Hypertension High cholesterol Cigarette smoking All three increase risk factor eight times AND…. we should add LACK OF EXERCISE
Slide 10-

ppt slide no 10 content not found
Slide 11-

Hypertension Commonly called high blood pressure Systolic and diastolic measurements Normal systolic - 110-130 mmHg Normal diastolic - 70-90 mm Hg
Slide 12-

Symptoms of CHD Chest pain (angina) Shortness of breath Heaviness, tightness, pain, burning, pressure or squeezing behind the breastbone or in the arms, neck, or jaws Pain may vary Perhaps no pain
Slide 13-

Cause & Consequencess of CHD Lack of oxygen due to ischemia (lack of blood supply) Narrowing of coronary arteries Heart responds with angina Finally, heart attack (myocardial infarction local ischemia usually due to thrombus (clot) or embolus (clot that has moved from another site and lodged in a smaller vessel) Possible permanent damage
Slide 14-

Diagnosis of CHD Electrocardiogram (EKG) Stress test Nuclear scanning Coronary angiography
Slide 15-

Treatment for CHD Lifestyle changes Medication Surgery
Slide 16-

Lifestyle Changes Change of habits Low fat diet Lower weight Increase exercise Stop smoking
Slide 17-

ppt slide no 17 content not found
Slide 18-

ppt slide no 18 content not found
Slide 19-

Medications to Treat CHD Beta blockers Nitroglycerine and other nitrates Calcium-channel blockers Aspirin Cholesterol-lowering drugs lovastatin, colestipol, cholestyramine, etc Digitalis ACE inhibitors Diuretics
Slide 20-

Surgery to Treat CHD Balloon angioplasty Atherectomy Laser angioplasty Stent insertion Coronary artery bypass operation (CABG)
Slide 21-

ppt slide no 21 content not found
Slide 22-

Gender Disparity Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) more common in men Women have higher mortality rates Older and sicker when first heart attack occurs Less aggressively treated than men Failure to recognize symptoms in timely fashion MI in young, healthy women is rare Occurrence greater in those who use OC Age 30-39: 2.7X; 40-44: 5.7X; (complilcated by cigarette use)
Slide 23-

ppt slide no 23 content not found
Slide 24-

ppt slide no 24 content not found
Slide 25-

Effects of Smoking For adult males, smoking has declined from 53 % to 38% For women, remains at 30% Has increased for younger and teenaged women Heavy smoker = 20- 30 cigs/day
Slide 26-

Effects of Smoking (cont’d) Cigs contain about 2000 compounds Main harmful are tar, nicotine and CO Tar contains hydrocarbons and other carcinogenic substances Nicotine causes release of epinephrine and norepinephrine resulting in increased HR, BP, cardiac output, stroke volume, contractility, oxygen consumption, and coronary blood flow CO reduces oxygen carrying capacity of the blood; can precipitate angina
Slide 27-

Effects of Smoking (cont’d) Contributes to development of atherosclerosis Lowers levels of HDL causes deterioration of elasticity of vessels Responsible for 20% of all deaths from heart disease Female smokers have a higher risk than male smokers
Slide 28-

ppt slide no 28 content not found
Slide 29-

ppt slide no 29 content not found
Slide 30-

STRESS Sociocultural Mobility Socioeconomic Status Status Incongruity Education Level Anxiety and Neuroses Life Dissatisfaction Life Change Behavior Pattern
Slide 31-

Signs of Preclinical CVD Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) associated with increased CAD risk (Framingham Study) Definite LVH-EKG increased CAD risk threefold
Slide 32-

Blood and Tissue Characteristics Type O = lower cholesterol Higher cholesterol contributes to higher rate of CAD HDL:LDL (high density lipoproteins: low density lipoproteins) ratio may be more important than cholesterol level
Slide 33-

HDL High density lipoproteins seem to have protective effect against development of atherosclerosis (a form or arteriosclerosis in which deposits of yellowish plaque containing cholesterol, lipoid substances and lipophages are formed within large and medium-sized arteries) Women have higher concentrations than men Most important of all lipid risk factors Below 35 mg/dl----- 8X incidence of CAD compared to those with 65 mg/dl Moderate alcohol intake may have + effect Exercise has + effect Greater weight has a negative effect
Slide 34-

DIET Reduce saturated fats Increase polyunsaturated fats Higher protein to fat ratio Count calories
Slide 35-

ppt slide no 35 content not found
Slide 36-

Effects of Exercise
Slide 37-

ppt slide no 37 content not found
Slide 38-

Additional Information
Slide 39-

ppt slide no 39 content not found
Slide 40-

ppt slide no 40 content not found
Slide 41-

ppt slide no 41 content not found
Slide 42-

ppt slide no 42 content not found
Slide 43-

ppt slide no 43 content not found
Slide 44-

ppt slide no 44 content not found
Slide 45-

ppt slide no 45 content not found
Slide 46-

ppt slide no 46 content not found
Slide 47-

ppt slide no 47 content not found
Slide 48-

ppt slide no 48 content not found