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Anatomy of Nose and Paranasal Sinus PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Anatomy of Nose and Paranasal Sinus" by Dr. Mohammed Aloulah.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about the nose and paranasal sinuses, a complex system of interconnected structures that are responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying the air we breathe.

The anatomy of the nose includes the external visible portion and the internal nasal cavity. The external nose is composed of bones and cartilage and is covered with skin. The internal nasal cavity is lined with a mucous membrane that is responsible for filtering the air and trapping particles before they enter the lungs.

The nasal cavity is divided into two sides by a nasal septum, which is made up of bone and cartilage. The walls of the nasal cavity are covered with three bony protrusions called the turbinates, which are covered with mucous membrane. The turbinates help to increase the surface area of the nasal cavity, which allows for more effective filtering, warming, and humidifying of the air.

The paranasal sinuses are a system of four paired air-filled cavities that are connected to the nasal cavity. These sinuses include the frontal sinuses, ethmoid sinuses, sphenoid sinuses, and maxillary sinuses. The sinuses are lined with mucous membranes that produce mucus, which drains into the nasal cavity. The sinuses play a role in the production of mucus, the sense of smell, and the resonance of the voice.

The sinuses and nasal cavity are lined with cilia, which are hair-like structures that help to move mucus and particles out of the nose and sinuses. The cilia are covered with a layer of mucus that traps particles, and the cilia move the mucus towards the back of the throat, where it is swallowed.

The anatomy of the nose and paranasal sinuses is complex, and the structures work together to protect the lungs and respiratory system by filtering, warming, and humidifying the air we breathe.

Tags : Nose, Paranasal Sinus, nasal cavity, mucous membrane

Published on : Jun 23, 2023 | Views : 2913 | Downloads : 13

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Slide 1-

Anatomy of Nose and Paranasal Sinus By: Dr. Mohammed aloulah
Slide 2-

The Nose The nose consists of the external nose and the nasal cavity, Both are divided by a septum into right and left halves.
Slide 3-

External Nose The external nose has two elliptical orifices called the naris (nostrils), which are separated from each other by the nasal septum. The lateral margin, the ala nasi, is rounded and mobile.
Slide 4-

External Nose
Slide 5-

External Nose The framework of the external nose is made up above by the nasal bones, the frontal processes of the maxillae, and the nasal part of the frontal bone. Below, the framework is formed of plates of hyaline cartilage
Slide 6-

External Nose
Slide 7-

Blood Supply of the External Nose The skin of the external nose is supplied by branches of the ophthalmic and the maxillary arteries. The skin of the ala and the lower part of the septum are supplied by branches from the facial artery.
Slide 8-

Nerve Supply of the External Nose The infratrochlear and external nasal branches of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V) and the infraorbital branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V).
Slide 9-

Nasal Cavity The nasal cavity has a floor, a roof, a lateral wall, a medial or septal wall.
Slide 10-

The Floor of Nasal Cavity Palatine process maxilla Horizontal plate palatine bone
Slide 11-

The Roof of Nasal Cavity Narrow It is formed anteriorly beneath the bridge of the nose by the nasal and frontal bones, in the middle by the cribriform plate of the ethmoid, located beneath the anterior cranial fossa, posteriorly by the downward sloping body of the sphenoid
Slide 12-

The Medial Wall of Nasal Cavity The Nasal Septum Divides the nasal cavity into right and left halves It has osseous and cartilaginous parts Nasal septum consists of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone (superior), the vomer (inferior) and septial cartilage (anterior) Perpendicular Plate (ethmoid) Septal Cartilage Vomer
Slide 13-

The Nasal Septum
Slide 14-

The Lateral Walls of Nasal Cavity Marked by 3 projections: Superior concha Middle concha Inferior concha The space below each concha is called a meatus.
Slide 15-

The Lateral Walls of Nasal Cavity
Slide 16-

The Lateral Walls of Nasal Cavity Inferior meatus: nasolacrimal duct Middle meatus: Maxillary sinus Frontal sinus Anterior ethmoid sinuses Superior meatus: posterior ethmoid sinuses Sphenoethmoidal recess: sphenoid sinus
Slide 17-

Openings Into the Nasal Cavity Nasolacrimal Canal drains into Inferior Meatus Sphenoid sinus opens into sphenoethmoidal recess Posterior ethmoidal air cells open into superior meatus Anterior & middle ethmoid air cells, maxillary and frontal sinuses open into middle meatus
Slide 18-

Blood Supply to the Nasal Cavity From branches of the maxillary artery, one of the terminal branches of the external carotid artery. The most important branch is the sphenopalatine artery. The sphenopalatine artery anastomoses with the septal branch of the superior labial branch of the facial artery in the region of the vestibule. The submucous venous plexus is drained by veins that accompany the arteries.
Slide 19-

Blood Supply to the Nasal Cavity Sphenopalatine a. Maxillary a. Netter, Frank H., Atlas of Human Anatomy. Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Summit, N.J. 1993. Plate 35.
Slide 20-

Nerve Supply of the Nasal Cavity The olfactory nerves from the olfactory mucous membrane ascend through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to the olfactory bulbs . The nerves of ordinary sensation are branches of the ophthalmic division (V1) and the maxillary division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve.
Slide 21-

Nerve Supply of the Nasal Cavity CN I – Olfactory Nerves (SVA) Anterior ethmoidal branch of V1 Posterior nasal branches of V2 Cut nasopalatine branch of V2 to septum
Slide 22-

Lymph Drainage of the Nasal Cavity The lymph vessels draining the vestibule end in the submandibular nodes. The remainder of the nasal cavity is drained by vessels that pass to the upper deep cervical nodes.
Slide 23-

Clinical Notes Examination of the Nasal Cavity Trauma to the Nose Infection of the Nasal Cavity Foreign Bodies in the Nose Nose Bleeding (Epistaxis)
Slide 24-

The Paranasal Sinuses
Slide 25-

The Paranasal Sinuses The paranasal sinuses are cavities found in the interior of the maxilla, frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones . They are lined with mucoperiosteum and filled with air. They communicate with the nasal cavity through relatively small apertures.
Slide 26-

Drainage of Mucus and Function of Paranasal Sinuses The mucus produced by the mucous membrane is moved into the nose by ciliary action of the columnar cells. Drainage of the mucus is also achieved by the siphon action created during the blowing of the nose. Functions: Resonators of the voice They also reduce the skulls weight Help wam and moisten inhaled air Act as shock absorbers in trauma
Slide 27-

Maxillary Sinus Pyramidal in shape Paired & symmetric Located within the body of the maxilla behind the skin of the cheek. The roof is formed by the floor of the orbit, and the floor is related to the roots of the 2nd premolars and 1st molar teeth. The maxillary sinus opens into the middle meatus of the nose
Slide 28-

Frontal Sinuses Rarely symmetrical Contained within the frontal bone . Separated from each other by a bony septum. Each sinus is roughly triangular Extending upward above the medial end of the eyebrow and backward into the medial part of the roof of the orbit. Opens into the middle meatus
Slide 29-

Sphenoidal Sinuses Lie within the body of the sphenoid bone Below sella turcica Extends between dorsum sellae and post clinoid processes Opens into the sphenoethmoidal recess above the superior concha
Slide 30-

Ethmoid Sinuses They are anterior, middle, and posterior They are contained within the ethmoid bone, between the nose and the orbit Anterior & middle Drains into middle nasal meatus Posterior Drain into superior nasal meatus Separated from the orbit by a thin plate of bone so that infection can readily spread from the sinuses into the orbit
Slide 31-

Sinus Drainage Schema
Slide 32-

Clinical Notes Examination of the Paranasal Sinuses Sinusitis Basal skull fracture
Slide 33-

Thank you