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Testicular Tumours PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical presentation on Germ Cell Tumor, which is titled "Testicular Tumours", to know about Testicular Tumours, and its classification, incidence, etiology, spread of tumour, clinical staging, clinical features, differential diagnosis, investigations, and treatment.

Tags : Germ Cell Tumor, Testicular Tumours, classification, incidence, etiology, spread of tumour, clinical staging, clinical features, differential diagnosis, investigations, treatment

Published on : May 18, 2021 | Views : 2844 | Downloads : 6

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Slide 1-

Testicular Tumours Vinod Jain
Slide 2-

2 Testicular Tumours Classification Incidence Etiology Spread of tumour Clinical Staging Clinical features Differential Diagnosis Investigations Treatment Follow up schedule
Slide 3-

Classification Secondary Tumour Para testicular neoplasm Germ Cell tumour Non Germ Cell tumour Lymphona Leukaemia Metastatic Seminoma (SGCT) Non Semimomatous (NSGCT) Leydig cell Tm Sertoli Cell Tm Gonadoblastoma Adeno CA of rete tests Terratoma Embryonal CA Chorio CA Yolk sac Tumour Mixed Tumour Primary Tumour
Slide 4-

Metastatic testicular Tumour In decreasing order Prostate Lung Gut Melanoma Kidney
Slide 5-

Incidence Age – most common solid tumor of men between 20-30 years Race – White : Black = 4:1 in U.S. Side – Right > Left Socio-economic status – high : low = 2:1 Geographical Highest in Scandinavia, Germany, Switzerland Intermediate – USA & UK Low – Africa and Asia
Slide 6-

Age wise incidence of testicular tumour Tumour Type Age group (years) Seminoma 35-40 Pure Terratoma Pediatric age group Embryonal CA 25-30 Chorio CA 25-35 Yolk sac Tumour infancy & child hood Mixed terrato CA 25-30 Lymphoma > 50
Slide 7-

Etiology Congenital – 3-14 times common in undescended testes Abnormal germ cell morphology Elevated temperature Interference with blood supply Gonadal dysgenesis Endocrine dysfunction Acquired Trauma – co incidence Endocrine – sex hormone fluctuation Infection – Mumps induced atrophy/ non-specific infections
Slide 8-

Spread of Tumour Local Lymphatic – Right inter aortocaval at L2  precaval  preaortic  Right common iliac  Right ext. iliac Left  Paraortic at renal hilium  preaortic  common iliac  Left ext. iliac (Cross metastasis more common in right side tumour)
Slide 9-

Spread of Tumour Blood (Distant metastases in decreasing order Lung Liver Brain Bone Kidney Adrenal GIT Spleen
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Clinical Staging (Boden and Gibbs – 1971) Stage I (A) – confined to testis with no spread through capsule or spermatic cord Stage II (B) – Clinical or radiological evidence of spread beyond testis but with in regional L.N. B1 -<2cm B2 -2-5cm B3 - >5cm Stage III (C) - Disseminated above diaphragm / visceral disease
Slide 11-

Clinical features A. Presentations Gradually increasing lump / hardness in testis Abnormal sensitivity – numbness / heaviness / Pain Loss of sexual activity Dull ache in lower abdomen / groin Haemospermia General weakness Metastatic presentations (Contd.)
Slide 12-

Clinical features (Contd.) - Metastatic presentations Cough and Dyspnoea Anorexia Nausea / Vomiting (retro duodenal LN) Neck mass Swelling lower extremity (IVC obstruction) Back pain (retroperitoneal L. N.) Gynaecomastia Bone pains Unilateral limb swelling (L.N metastasis) B. Signs Local Systemic
Slide 13-

Differential Diagnosis Epidedymo-orchitis Testicular haematoma Spermatocele Hydrocele Testicular Torsion
Slide 14-

Investigations Haematological – Hb%, Bl. urea/S. creatinine, LFT Tumour markers – AFP, HCG, LDH Scrotal Ultrasound – Usually homogenous, hypoechoic, intra testicular mass X-ray chest CT / MRI – abdomen
Slide 15-

Tumour markers NSGCT SGCT AFP  N HCG   LDH   (Advanced) (Advanced)
Slide 16-

Let us revise Classification Incidence Etiology Spread of tumour Clinical Staging Clinical features Differential Diagnosis Investigations ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Treatment Follow up schedule