Download Free Medical Specific Immune System - T - Lymphocytes PowerPoint Presentation

Specific Immune System - T - Lymphocytes PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : This medical presentation titled "Specific Immune System - T - Lymphocytes" helps us identify the variety of t lymphocytes and examine the function for each t cell population.

Tags : Specific Immune System, T - Lymphocytes, Helper t cells, tH cells, infected cells, Cytotoxic t cells, tc cells, Killer T-cells, cancer, Memory cells

Published on : Apr 23, 2021 | Views : 2321 | Downloads : 5

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

Specific Immune System T - Lymphocytes
Slide 2-

Non specific immunity Inflammatory Non-specific Cellular response Physical & chemical barriers Specific immunity Immunological surveillance Clonal Selection theory T cells B cells Infectious Disease Transmission Epidemiology Vaccination Public Health Immune system diseases Disease survival mechanisms Big picture
Slide 3-

Learning outcomes Identify the variety of t lymphocytes. Examine the action/function for each t cell population
Slide 4-

Third line of defence Specific (only acts on particular pathogen) Involves lymphocytes
Slide 5-

lymphocytes LYMPHOCYTES ARE A TYPE OF WHITE BLOOD CELL. THERE ARE A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF LYMPHOCYTE; TWO OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ARE B LYMPHOCYTES AND T LYMPHOCYTES. T LYMPHOCYTES ARE ALSO CALLED T CELLS. THEY ARE FORMED IN THE THYMUS GLAND – HENCE THEIR NAME. T LYMPHOCYTES PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND THEY ACCOUNT FOR MORE THAN 4/5 FOUR-FIFTHS OF CIRCULATING LYMPHOCYTES. THERE ARE TWO MAIN GROUPS OF T LYMPHOCYTES: CYTOTOXIC T CELLS HELPER T CELLS.
Slide 6-

Helper t cells (tH cells) Helper t cells (tH cells) ; secrete cytokines that activate phagocytes, t cells and b cells. Instead they produce cytokines – a chemical signal that activate B lymphocytes and phagocytes, which can then act to destroy the infected cell. Helper T cells are not able to destroy infected cells.
Slide 7-

Cytotoxic t cells (tc cells) CYTOTOXIC T CELLS (TC CELLS) ; DESTROY INFECTED CELLS BY SEVERAL METHODS INCLUDING THE INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS THE CYTOTOXIC T CELLS ARE ALSO CALLED KILLER T CELLS. THEY RECOGNISE ANTIGENS ON INFECTED CELLS, BIND TO THE ANTIGEN AND CAN DESTROY THE CELLS BY APOPTOSIS. APOPTOSIS IS A FORM OF PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH – THE CELL IS INSTRUCTED TO DESTROY ITSELF.
Slide 8-

Killer T-cells: Can attach themselves to cells with foreign antigens on their surface and destroy them 1. Virus attaches to and enters host cell 2. Viral DNA causes host cell to express viral anitgens on its surface 3. Killer T-cell attaches to viral antigen on infected cell 4. Killer T-cell induces death of infected cell
Slide 9-

Killer T-cells and cancer: 1. As cell becomes cancerous mutations take place 2. Mutations cause cancerous cell to express abnormal antigens 3. Killer T-cell binds to abnormal antigens 4. Killer T-cell induces death of cancerous cell (Usually)
Slide 10-

Memory cells Once cytotoxic T cells have completed their job, the majority of cells undergo apoptosis. HOWEVER, A FEW CELLS BECOME ‘MEMORY CELLS’, WHICH WILL REMAIN ON HAND TO RESPOND SHOULD THE ANTIGEN REAPPEAR AT SOME POINT IN THE FUTURE.
Slide 11-

ppt slide no 11 content not found
Slide 12-

* T Helper Cells Y Y Y B Signal 1 antigen & antigen receptor Th 1. T cell antigen receptor 2. Co-receptor (CD4) 3.CD40 Ligand Th Signal 2 - T cell help
Slide 13-

ppt slide no 13 content not found
Slide 14-

specific defences T lymphocytes One group of T lymphocytes destroy infected cells by inducing apoptosis. Another group of T lymphocytes secrete cytokines that activate B lymphocytes and phagocytes. When pathogens infect tissue, some phagocytes capture the pathogen and display fragments of its antigens on their surface. These antigen presenting cells activate the production of a clone of T lymphocytes that move to the site of infection under the direction of cytokines. Summary slide
Slide 15-

Summary slide SPECIFIC DEFENCES T LYMPHOCYTES T LYMPHOCYTES HAVE SPECIFIC SURFACE PROTEINS THAT ALLOW THEM TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE SURFACE MOLECULES OF THE BODY’S OWN CELLS AND CELLS WITH FOREIGN MOLECULES ON THEIR SURFACE.
Slide 16-

Summary slide Specific defences Immunological memory cells Some T and B lymphocytes produced in response to antigens by clonal selection survive long term as memory cells. A secondary exposure to the same antigen rapidly gives rise to a new clone of lymphocytes producing a rapid and greater immunological response.
Slide 17-

Third line of defence Specific (only acts on particular pathogen) First immunological surveillance occurs to find/ discover pathogen Then clonal selection needs to occur to find the corresponding lymphocyte to combat the pathogen
Slide 18-

Cytotoxic t cells (tc cells) CYTOTOXIC T CELLS (TC CELLS) ; DESTROY INFECTED CELLS BY SEVERAL METHODS INCLUDING THE INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS THE CYTOTOXIC T CELLS ARE ALSO CALLED KILLER T CELLS. THEY RECOGNISE ANTIGENS ON INFECTED CELLS, BIND TO THE ANTIGEN AND CAN DESTROY THE CELLS BY APOPTOSIS. APOPTOSIS IS A FORM OF PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH – THE CELL IS INSTRUCTED TO DESTROY ITSELF. ONCE CYTOTOXIC T CELLS HAVE COMPLETED THEIR JOB, THE MAJORITY OF CELLS UNDERGO APOPTOSIS. HOWEVER, A FEW CELLS BECOME ‘MEMORY CELLS’, WHICH WILL REMAIN ON HAND TO RESPOND SHOULD THE ANTIGEN REAPPEAR AT SOME POINT IN THE FUTURE.