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Salivary Gland Diseases PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Salivary Gland Diseases”.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about salivary gland diseases, conditions that affect the glands responsible for producing saliva. These glands are located in the mouth and throat and play a vital role in maintaining oral health. Saliva helps to moisten and cleanse the mouth, and it also contains enzymes that aid in digestion.

There are several types of salivary gland diseases, including:

Sialadenitis: This is an infection of the salivary glands, usually caused by bacteria. It can cause pain, swelling, and fever.
Sialolithiasis: This is the formation of a stone or calculus in the salivary gland, which can block the flow of saliva and cause pain and swelling.
Mucocele: This is a collection of saliva that forms a cyst in the mouth or on the lips.
Sjogrens syndrome: This is an autoimmune disorder that affects the salivary and lacrimal glands, causing dry mouth and dry eyes.
Salivary gland tumors: These are growths that can be either benign or malignant and can occur in any of the salivary glands.

Treatment for salivary gland diseases depends on the specific condition and its severity. Options may include antibiotics for infections, surgical removal of stones or tumors, or medications to manage symptoms of autoimmune disorders. It is important to seek prompt medical attention if you suspect you have a salivary gland disease, as untreated conditions can lead to serious complications.

Tags : salivary gland diseases, oral health, Sialadenitis, Sialolithiasis, Mucocele, Sjogrens syndrome, Salivary gland tumors, Dentistry, dental medicine, oral medicine, dental medicine PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Jun 20, 2023 | Views : 1353 | Downloads : 15

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Slide 1-

Salivary Gland Diseases
Slide 2-

Parotid gland Submandibular gland Sublingual gland Salivary Glands Overview
Slide 3-

Salivary glands - Types 3 Major Salivary Glands Parotid Submandibular Sublingual Plus many accessory glands in the lip and palatal mucosa
Slide 4-

ppt slide no 4 content not found
Slide 5-

Salivary Gland Diseases Functional disorders Obstructive disorders Infectious disorders Neoplastic disorders
Slide 6-

Functional Disorders of the Salivary Glands
Slide 7-

Functional Disorders of the Salivary Glands Sialorrhea (Increase in saliva flow) (i) Psychosis (ii) mental retardation (iii) certain neurological diseases (iv) rabies ( v) mercery poisoning
Slide 8-

Functional Disorders of the Salivary Glands Xerostomia (Decrease in saliva flow) Mumps, Sarcoidosis Sjoegrens syndrome Lupus post-irradiation treatment
Slide 9-

Functional Disorders of the Salivary Glands (Sjogren’s Syndrome) Triad of dry eyes, dry mouth, dry joints Autoimmune disorder Lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary glands.
Slide 10-

Functional Disorders of the Salivary Glands Mucocele Secondary to trauma 70% occur in lower lip Excisional biopsy usually curative
Slide 11-

Functional Disorders of the Salivary Glands Ranula Sublingual salivary gland mucocele Treatment should include removal of Sublingual gland
Slide 12-

Obstructive Disorders of the Salivary Glands
Slide 13-

Obstructive Disorders of the Salivary Glands Obstruction to the flow of saliva via the salivary duct can occur due to the presence of salivary gland stone (Sialolith). Obstruction can also secondary to the stricture (Narrowing) of the salivary gland duct.
Slide 14-

Obstructive Disorders of the Salivary Glands Sialolithiasis (Salivary gland stone) 92% occur in submandibular gland 6% in parotid gland Multiple occurrence in same gland is common
Slide 15-

Submandibular Gland - Sialolithiasis Diagnosis Pain and sudden enlargement of gland while eating Palpation of stone in the submandibular duct Occlusal radiograph (80%) Sialogram
Slide 16-

Submandibular Gland - Sialolithiasis Treatment Stone can be removed transorally if in the duct and easily palpable
Slide 17-

Submandibular Gland - Sialolithiasis Treatment Stone can be removed transorally if in the duct and easily palpable
Slide 18-

Submandibular Gland - Sialolithiasis Treatment If the stone is inside the gland and therefore damaging the gland, then the whole gland should be removed under G.A.
Slide 19-

Parotid Gland - Sialolithiasis Diagnosis Based on history Swelling during meals Bimanual palpation of painful gland 40% non-radiopaque Most parotid stones are multiple Sialogram
Slide 20-

Sialogram A sialogram is a dye investigation of a salivary gland. It is carried out to look in detail at the larger salivary glands, namely the parotid or submandibular glands.
Slide 21-

Advanced Radiographic Investigations Plain and contrast-enhanced axial CT image of parotid glands. Diffuse enhancement of the left parotid gland ; sialadenitis
Slide 22-

Parotid Gland - Sialolithiasis Treatment Stones in extraglandular portion of duct can be removed transorally Intraglandular stones removed from extraoral approach by Superficial Parotidectomy.
Slide 23-

Infectious Disorders of the Salivary Glands
Slide 24-

Acute Sialadenitis - Infectious Etiology Viral - ( Mumps) Bacterial
Slide 25-

Viral- Acute Sialadenitis (Mumps) Acute painful parotitis Viral in aetiology Self limiting
Slide 26-

Bacterial - Acute Sialadenitis Signs and symptoms Swelling, xerostomia, failure of secretion with ascending infection (Staph aureus, Strep pyogenes, most common infective organism) Painful swelling parotid gland, overlying skin red, shiny & tense, pus from parotid duct (if involving the parotid gland)
Slide 27-

Bacterial - Acute Sialadenitis Treatment Culture pus for Sensitivity Prescribe appropriate antibiotic Supportive therapy Fluids Heat Salivary stimulants
Slide 28-

Bacterial - Chronic Sialadenitis Chronic recurrent parotitis Occurs commonly in patients of 3-6 Years age Caused by Strep viridans May spontaneously heal during puberty
Slide 29-

Necrotizing Sialometaplasia Benign inflammatory condition Usually involves the minor salivary gland of hard palate Will often simulate a malignant condition No definite etiology 1-3 cm ulcer heals spontaneously
Slide 30-

Neoplastic Disorders of the Salivary Glands
Slide 31-

Salivary Gland Tumors 80 % occur in parotid gland 5-10 % occur in the sub-mandibular gland 1 % occur in sublingual gland 10-15% occur in the minor salivary glands
Slide 32-

Benign Salivary Gland Tumors Adenomas (Epithelial) Pleomorphic adenoma Monomorphic adenoma Adenolymphoma Oxyphilic adenoma Other types
Slide 33-

Pleomorphic Adenoma (Mixed Tumor) Commonest tumour (53% - 71%) of the salivary glands Tumor is slow growing, painless, solitary, firm, smooth, moveable without nerve involvement Both mesenchymal/epithelial elements Investigations include FNA, CT, MRI Superficial parotidectomy is the procedure that is commonly performed.
Slide 34-

Monomorphic adenoma Characteristics Consists of a single epithelial cell type with a dense fibrous connective tissue capsule. Two types - Basal cell adenoma - Canalicular adenoma
Slide 35-

Warthins Tumor Warthin’s tumour is also called as papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum) 6% - 10% Benign, bilateral, parotid gland only Older age group Superficial location, therefore in most cases Superficial parotidectomy is performed. Malignant potential non existent
Slide 36-

Malignant Tumours of the Salivary Glands
Slide 37-

Malignant Tumours of the Salivary Glands Locally aggressive in nature Some grow along neural pathways, may access skull base and brain eventually Also lymphatic and haematogenous spread of tumor
Slide 38-

Incidence of Salivary Gland Malignancy According to Site Sublingual 70% Submandibular 40% Parotid 20 %
Slide 39-

Clinical Classification of Malignant Salivary gland Tumors (i) Mucoepidermoid tumor (high-grade) (ii) Carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma (iv) Adenoid cyctic carcinoma (v) Acinic cell tumor (vi) Squamous cell carcinoma
Slide 40-

Evaluation & Diagnosis of Malignant Salivary gland Tumors History & clinical examination, use TNM Classification to stage the cancer Sialography – of no value CT scans and MRI CT sialography for retromandibular / parapharayngeal lesions Incisional biopsy is contraindicated FNAC
Slide 41-

Mucoepidermoid tumor Commonest malignant tumour 50% of all salivary gland malignancies Parotid involved in 40% - 50% 75% are low grade & have good prognosis 1 – 5 year survival 85% High grade mucoepidermoid carcinomas invade locally, spread regionally & distant metastasis. 5 year survival drops 30%
Slide 42-

Carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma Mixed malignant tumour Long standing pleomorphic adenoma Older age group Worse prognosis Lymph node metastases 15% Distant metastases 30% 5 year survival 40% - 50% 15% year survival 20%
Slide 43-

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (Cylindroma) Commonly involves submandibular (35% - 40%), only 7% of parotid malignancies Slowly growing Peri-neural invasion 30% lymph node metastasis, 50% distant metastasis - 5 year survival 75% - 10 year survival 30% - 20 year survival 13%
Slide 44-

Acinic cell carcinoma Low grade Slow growing 10% of malignant parotid tumour Lymph node mets 10% Aggressive tumours Radical parotidectomy is necessary if parotid gland is involved.
Slide 45-

Squamous cell carcinoma of Salivary glands Infrequent occurrence 1% - 5% May have skin infiltration Total radical parotidectomy
Slide 46-

Non-epithelial Salivary gland Tumors Malignant lymphoma Unclassified tumors
Slide 47-

Clinical Classification of the Salivary gland tumors based on Recurrence Benign S.Gland tumor (seldom recurrent) (i) Adenolymphoma (Warthins Tumor) (ii) Oxyphilic adenoma (Oncocytoma) (iii) Other types of Monomorphic adenoma
Slide 48-

Clinical Classification of the Salivary gland tumors based on Recurrence Benign S.Gland tumor (often recurrent) (i) Pleomorphic adenoma (mixed tumor) (ii) Mucoepidermoid tumor ( low-grade) (iii) Acinic cell tumor (same)