Download Free Medical Reproductive Biology PowerPoint Presentation

Reproductive Biology PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Check out this medical presentation on Male Reproductive System, which is titled "Reproductive Biology", to know about the reproductive biology.

Tags : Male Reproductive System, Reproductive Biology

Published on : Jul 28, 2021 | Views : 2438 | Downloads : 1

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

Reproductive Biology
Slide 2-

I. Need for Meiosis A. Human chromosome number = 46 B. Mitosis C. Meiosis 1. purpose 2. location 3. difference in male and female meiosis
Slide 3-

II. Male parts A. Scrotum-an air conditioner 1. homologous to the female labia majora 2. sac surrounded covered by skin and layer of smooth muscle called the dartos muscle 3. cremaster muscles (extension of abdominal muscle) are also attached to the scrotum 4. ideal temperature for sperm production is 95 degrees 5. dependent upon temperatures these two muscles either contract or relax pulling testes closer to the body
Slide 4-

B. Testes 1. produces sperm in seminiferous tubule 2. approximately 700 feet long 3. site of male meiosis 4. interstitial cells also located in testes 5. producers of testosterone
Slide 5-

6. Descent of the testicles a. Testes develop in the abdomen b. Connected by a muscle called the gubernaculum to developing scrotum c. The gubernaculum extends from the developing scrotum to the testes through the inguinal canal d. Around 7-9 months of development, the gubernaculum pulls the testes down through the inguinal canal into the scrotum e. cryptorchidism
Slide 6-

7. Spermatogenesis a. Spermatogonia b. Primary spermatocytes c. Secondary spermatocytes d. Spermatids e. Spermiogenesis f. Sperm cell g. Sustentaculuar cell or Sertoli cell (nurse cell) h. Blood-testis barrier
Slide 7-

8. Sperm cell a. Head b. Acrosome c. Midpiece d. Tail e. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7kM_kRPrcrk
Slide 8-

9. Defective sperm and numbers Defective morphology Low sperm count 10 million/ml Varicocoel Cryptochordism Retrograde ejaculation
Slide 9-

C. Epididymis 1. location 2. Head, body, tail 2. 20 feet 3. twenty days to pass through 4. undergo maturation 5. storage organ 6. contracts upon ejaculation sending sperm on to next part of journey
Slide 10-

D. Vas deferens or ductus deferens Travels from epididymis to urethra Travels through the inguinal canal with the spermatic cord-blood vessels and nerves Expands into the ampulla Then enters ejaculatory duct Pseudostratified epithelium Peristaltic contractions move sperm along
Slide 11-

7. Vasectomy Part of vas lies in scrotum Local Small incision Cuts and ligates Sterile but not impotent
Slide 12-

E. Urethra Prostatic urethra Membranous urethra Spongy or penile urethra Carries both sperm and urine Never at same time Stratified columnar most of length Transitional at bladder end and stratified squamous at penile opening
Slide 13-

F. Accessory glands producing semen 1. seminal vesicles a. Produce 60% of semen b. Thick yellowish secretion c. Rich in sugar, vitamin C, prostaglandins, and fibrinogen d. Nourish and activate sperm e. Joins vas deferens on either side to form ejaculatory duct
Slide 14-

2. Prostate gland Doughnut shaped Size of peach pit Milky alkaline fluid that activates sperm Approximately 30% of semen Anterior to rectum is able to be palpated by digital exam Fibrinolysin Hypertrophy
Slide 15-

3. Bulbourethral glands Also called Cowper’s glands Base of prostate-size of peas First to empty with ejaculation Cleanse and neutralizes penile urethra Also minor lubricant for coitus
Slide 16-

4. Seminal fluid Mature sperm are streamlined missiles Need nutrient source-fructose from seminal vesicle Need buffer from prostate Prostaglandins cause smooth muscle to contract Fibrinogen and profibrinolysin Inhibitors of female immune system Dilutes sperm
Slide 17-

G. Penis Corpora cavernosa Corpus spongiosum Urethra Glans penis Prepuce Circumcision Mechanics of an erection
Slide 18-

III. Male hormone regulation A. Gonadotropin releasing hormone 1. hypothalamus 2. controls release of hormones from anterior pituitary. Anterior pituitary hormones (sounds like female hormones) 1. FSH -binds to sustentaculuar cells 2. LH (ICSH)-binds to interstitial cells
Slide 19-

C. Testosterone production Interstitial cells of Leydig In response to LH production by the anterior pituitary Occurs at about the age of 12 Maturation of male reproductive parts Stimulates production of sperm along with FSH Produces male secondary sexual traits such as hair growth patterns, deepening of the voice, skeletal muscle development, increase in metabolic rate Targets cells with testosterone receptors Some brain cells convert testosterone to estrogen governing some male sexual behaviors
Slide 20-

Testosterone and Progesterone
Slide 21-

D. Inhibin 1. produced by sustentacular cells 2. inhibits hormones produced by FSH production 3. possible pharmaceutical functions
Slide 22-

IV. Female parts Ovary 1. primary follicle-huge number-arrested at prophase I 2. ovarian follicles 3. oocyte and follicular cells 4. antrum with follicular fluid 5. Graafian follicle 6. ovulation-secondary oocyte arrested at metaphase II 7. corpus luteum 8. corpus albicans
Slide 23-

Follicle development
Slide 24-

Ovulation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLmg4wSHdxQ Ovarian slide http://medsci.indiana.edu/a215/virtualscope/docs/chap11_3.htm
Slide 25-

B. Duct system Fallopian tubes Fimbriae Uterus a. Body, fundus, cervix b. Endometrium, myometrium c. http://medsci.indiana.edu/a215/virtualscope/docs/chap11_4.htm Vagina-birth canal
Slide 26-

C. Female external genitalia Mons pubis Labia majora Labia minora Vestibule Clitoris Perineum
Slide 27-

V. Female physiology A. Hormones involved 1. Pituitary a . FSH b. LH 2. Ovarian hormones a. Estrogen-proliferation of endometrium, increases sensitivity of myometrium to stimuli, increases production of progesterone receptors b. Progesterone- endometrial hypertrophy, relaxes myometrium
Slide 28-

B. Timing of typical 28 day cycle 1. menses phase (days 1-4) 2. proliferative phase or follicular phase (days 5-14)-most variable 3. ovulation (day 15) 3. luteal phase or secretory phase (days 15-28)-typically lasts 14 days
Slide 29-

C. Endometrial changes Proliferative phase a. Epithelial cells proliferate b. Form tubular spiral glands Secretory phase a. Epithelial cells hypertrophy b. Glands become more spiraled and thicker 3. Day 21 is optimum for implantation
Slide 30-

D. Ovarian events in review
Slide 31-

Isolated forgotten terms Menarche hCG Capacitation Amenorrhea Ectopic pregnancy Menopause Climacteric-perimenopause
Slide 32-

And then there was baby http://www.evtv1.com/player.aspx?itemnum=735
Slide 33-

Fetal development http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RS1ti23SUSw