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Principles of Sports Training PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Principles of Sports Training”.

This medical PowerPoint presentation talks about the principles of sports training, a set of guidelines and best practices that coaches and athletes can follow to develop effective training programs and maximize performance. These principles are based on scientific research and practical experience and are essential for achieving optimal results in any sports discipline.

Tags : Principles of Sports Training, sports training, sports discipline, health and fitness PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Apr 24, 2023 | Views : 2813 | Downloads : 0

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Slide 1-

Principles of Sports Training
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Principle of Training Training is a systematic process in which athletes improve their fitness to meet the demands of their sport. Training is a long-term process that is progressive and meets the individual athletes at their level of fitness and conditioning. Training uses both general and event-specific exercises to develop an athlete for their sports. Training is a cyclical process: tear down, recovery, super-compensation and buildup (adaptation). When we train, we do specific damage to some cells, and use up cellular resources (fuel, water, salts). When we walk off the track or get out of the pool after a workout, we are weaker, not stronger. How much weaker depends on the amount and intensity of the exercise. After the training session, if the body is given proper rest and food, the body will adjust to super-compensate and prepare for the next stress.
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Principle of Formulation of Training on the basis of Prognostic Performance and its Structure Sports training aims at achieving high performance in future. Therefore, the structure of prognostic sports performance should form the basis of formulation of training. All aims, objectives, means, methods and measures for different stages of training are to be derived from the performance capacity essential to achieve the prognostic sports performance.
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Principle of Continuity of Training This principle states that sports training should be a continuous and regular process. Continuous and regular training leads to improvement of performance capacity. But when the training is stopped for some period or there are too long intervals between training sessions the performance capacity starts decreasing.
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Principle of Continuity of Training For proper implementation of the principle: The sportsman must be educated about the importance of continuity of training by convincing him about the negative effects of training breaks and irregular training on his performance capacity. The principle of continuity of training extends to all factors of performance. The state of overload always results in markedly low training volumes or even worse long training breaks. In case the sportsman is sick or injured the coach should try to find out, in consultation with the physician, ways and means by which the sportsman can continue his training even though with low load intensity and volume.
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Principle of Progression of Load Training load is the principle stimulus for starting the psycho-physiological processes of adaptation which eventually leads to increase in performance capacity. The same load is repeated again and again, then it gradually loses its value as a stimulus for adaptation. Higher performance will be achieved when the organism adapts to a higher level of functioning.
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Principle of Progression of Load The principle of progression implies that there is an optimal level of overload that should be achieved, and an optimal timeframe for this overload to occur. Overload should not be increased too slowly or improvement is unlikely. Overload that is increased too rapidly will result in injury or muscle damage. Exercising above the target zone is counterproductive and can be dangerous. For example, the weekend athlete who exercises vigorously only on weekends does not exercise often enough, and so violates the principle of progression. The Principle of Progression also makes us realize the need for proper rest and recovery. Continual stress on the body and constant overload will result in exhaustion and injury. You should not (and can not) train hard all the time. Doing so will lead to over-training and a great deal of physical and psychological damage will result.
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Principle of Progression of Load The training load in sports training can be increased by two methods: Linear Method: In this method the load is increased in every training session. This method is possible only during the initial days of training. Step Method: In this method the load is increased in steps i.e., after an increase in load it is maintained for some training sessions before increasing it again.
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Principle of Uniformity and Differentiation To achieve best results, the sports training should be formulated uniformly but allowing for individual differences. To start with, the training should be predominantly uniform for all in order to spot talent. Uniformly also means that training should be based on the same principles and system.
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Principle of Uniformity and Differentiation The training of advanced sportsmen must be formulated considering the following individual factors: Age-biological and chronological. Sex, training age and training state. Talent. Psychic factors e.g., personality, temperament etc. Nature and volume of training in the past. Performance and rate of performance improvement. Total load and possibilities of recovery. Social and economical factors.
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Principle of Progressive Specialization The term specialization in sports training means use of specific means and methods for improving performance in a particular sports.
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Principle of Progressive Specialization Highly specialized (or one sided training) is not suitable for children and youth who are still in the age of growing. High performance can be achieved faster by adopting highly specific means and methods but these performances are not stable and cannot be maintained for a sufficient long period as ii requires high performance training stage. It is essential that sportsmen should achieve high performances only in the age of high performance and in which they have the best psychic and biological prerequisites for high performance in a sports. The high performance depends on the totality of sportsman’s physique and personality.
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Principle of Planned and Systematic Training Sports training is a scientific and pedagogical (educational) process and for best results each and every part, phase and stage of training must be properly planned. The major aspect of systematic training is the correct proportion and sequence of various training elements, contents and tasks. There cannot be fixed or stable system of training for all sports and sportsmen. The training system required for best results, will be different for different persons and sports.
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Principle of Cyclicity of Training The process of sports training is formulated in shorter and longer cycles. The training cycle basically consists of a load phase and recovery phase. But the principle of cyclicity goes beyond the cyclic nature of load dynamics. In other words, the training structure is characterized by its cyclic nature. The shorter training cycles are based on the bigger cycles but at the same time the shorter cycles give rise to bigger cycles.
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Principle of Cyclicity of Training Macro-Cycle: Longest cycle of training. i.e., from 3-4 months to 12 months or even longer. Macro-cycle is formed by a certain arrangement of Meso-Cycles. The last meso-cycle is formulated to ensure recovery and relaxation and for effective transition to the next macro-cycle.
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Principle of Cyclicity of Training Meso-Cycle: Training cycle is of medium duration. It is composed of a definite arrangement of 3-6 micro-cycles or weekly cycles. The last micro-cycle or weekly cycle of a meso-cycle primarily aims at recovery and relaxation.
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Principle of Cyclicity of Training Micro-Cycle: Smallest training cycle and it consist of 3-10 days. When the duration of micro-cycle is seven days it is called weekly cycle. The duration of a micro-cycle in case of trained sportsman is normally from 5-10 days. The last training session or day of a micro-cycle aims at recovery and relaxation.
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Principle of Regulation of Training Sports training is a goal oriented long term process of preparation of sportsmen for higher performance. It enables a sportsperson to have optimal benefit from sports training programme, information about technique, tactics and other aspects of performance shall be clearly given. The training programmes will lose effectiveness if instructions are vague.
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Principle of Regulation of Training Regulation of sports training is a goal oriented process of training and performance assessment for controlling the process of performance development through training. Training plans giving the aims, sub aims, load dynamic, means, method etc., of different phases and periods of training. Training documents containing in a precise from the information about load, means, methods etc., of training. Competition protocols and documents are also essential. Information about the level as well as rate and direction of improvement of performance and performance prerequisites.
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Principle of Ensuring Results The sports training programmes shall be so formulated that the attainment of training tasks is ensured. After spending time and efforts, if a sportsperson fails to attain performance, he might start losing contact with training programmes and also lose confidence in the coach.
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Mr. Pramod Yadav (Research Scholar) Department of Physical Education,M.G.K.V.P; Varanasi Dr. Santosh Kumar (Head of Department ) Department of Physical Education, M.G.K.V.P; Varanasi