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Medications for Osteoarthritis - Relieving the Pain PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : This medical presentation titled "Medications for Osteoarthritis - Relieving the Pain" is about breaking the pain cycle of osteoarthritis with the help of medication.

Tags : Osteoarthritis, knee pain, management, Arthritis, Arthrosis, Medications, Drug therapy, Acetaminophen, Topical pain relievers, Non Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, NSAIDs, Corticosteroids, Hyaluronic acid, Narcotic pain relievers, Rheumatoid Arthritis

Published on : Apr 27, 2021 | Views : 2624 | Downloads : 7

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Slide 1-

Medications for Osteoarthritis: Developed by: Eugene B Smith Jr, PharmD , MPH, Associate Professor Laura Jones, MPH, Extension Assistant Bobbi Clarke, PhD, RD, Professor and Extension Health Specialist UT Center for Community Health Literacy Relieving the Pain
Slide 2-

What is Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis It is the progressive loss of cartilage in the joints OA is also known as “degenerative joint disease” Over 60% of people over 65 have some form of arthritis
Slide 3-

Osteoarthritis Pain The motivation for most OA therapy is pain improvement/relief This cycle represents common problems that can make pain worse You can break the cycle at any point with a variety of self-help strategies Pain does not have to control your life The Cycle of Pain Fatigue Tense Muscles Depression Stress/Anxiety Difficult Emotions Disease
Slide 4-

Breaking the Pain Cycle The Arthritis Self-Help Program is designed to present practical ways that you can break the arthritis pain cycle and regain control of your pain, such as: Exercise Adequate rest Healthy diet/weight loss Relaxation Techniques Positive Self Talk Mental techniques to fight pain Physical Therapy Drug therapy Surgery
Slide 5-

Exercise and Weight Loss Exercise: One of the most effective ways to help arthritis! Helps reduce stiffness, increases flexibility and prevents falls Weight Loss: Research studies have shown that even a 10% loss of weight can improve OA symptoms by 50%!!
Slide 6-

Drug Therapy Medications are an important strategy for breaking the pain cycle Keep in mind- unfortunately, we do not have any drugs that reverse the progression of OA The main goal of drug therapy: To relieve pain and help patients exercise and keep the joints functioning
Slide 7-

Drugs used for OA Acetaminophen Topical pain relievers Non Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Corticosteroids Hyaluronic acid Narcotic pain relievers
Slide 8-

Acetaminophen Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is available OTC and has been the best drug for treating the pain of OA for a long time Be careful to use the right dose: Read the dosage on the package carefully Start with small doses even as little as one 500mg dose can be effective Do not exceed 4000 mg in any daily dosage.
Slide 9-

Use Caution… Sometimes people develop a tolerance to pain relievers and need a higher dose to relieve the pain Doses over 4000 mg/day of Acetaminophen damage the liver and can cause death! Many drugs contain Acetaminophen. Be sure to read labels and know how much you are getting in a day from all your medications
Slide 10-

Topical Treatments There are a variety of things that can be applied to the affected joint that will relieve pain: Heat and ice Lidocaine patches Topical NSAIDS (not for long-term relief) Capsaicin (Zostrix) A skin cream made from hot peppers that relieves pain and possibly reduces inflammation over time
Slide 11-

The Clock is Ticking… Studies show that Topical NSAIDs used in OA are only effective during the first 2 weeks of therapy!!
Slide 12-

Glucosamine & Chondroitin Are they effective when taken together?? Many patients claim they help Some studies have shown slowed progression of joint disease However, other studies have shown only limited effectiveness in treating pain
Slide 13-

Glucosamine In the US, Glucosamine is considered a dietary supplement (not a drug) and does not have to be proven to be effective to be sold Worstpills.org (a Consumer Reports website) advises consumers to avoid glucosamine due to lack of proven effectiveness
Slide 14-

What if I decide to give it a try? Buy a supplement that contains glucosamine only- it will be cheaper and no studies have shown chondroitin to be effective by itself You should try it for a minimum of 8 weeks and keep a diary to see if you are feeling better Buy a tested brand: See www.consumerlab.com for comparisons
Slide 15-

NSAIDS “NSAID” stands for: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug(s) Different classes of NSAIDS: Non-selective NSAIDS: Ibuprofen (OTC) Naproxen (OTC) Indomethacin (Must be prescribed) Selective “COX-2” inhibitors: Celebrex , Vioxx, and Bextra
Slide 16-

Are NSAIDs Safe? In general, NSAIDS are good class of drugs because they treat pain and reduce inflammation Negative side effects: Non-selective NSAIDS Stomach upset/bleeding/ulcers Selective “COX-2” drugs: Possibly increase heart attack/disease risk
Slide 17-

FDA Verdict on Cox-2 Drugs In 2005, the FDA recommended that warnings appear on the labels of Selective Cox-2 inhibitors concerning their heart risks and requiring each prescription to have a guide describing the risks They recommended that non-selective NSAIDS carry the same warnings Fate of Cox-2 Inhibitors: Vioxx and Bextra were taken off the market Only Celebrex remains
Slide 18-

Corticosteroids These drugs are naturally occurring substances in the body but as drugs they have been further refined to make them more effective. Examples: Prednisone , Hydrocortisone, Betamethasone, Methylprednisiolone, Triamcinolone,etc They can be used orally or by injection for OA. They have significant side effects so they should used sparingly (intra-articular injection every 3-6 months)
Slide 19-

Hyaluronic acid This agent is used by injection into the joints in patients with severe disease and has many advantages but must also be used sparingly. It is used to replace lost fluid in the joint spaces and keep the joint working to cushion the bones in the joint.
Slide 20-

Narcotic pain relievers These drugs are reserved for moderate to severe pain after the other options have not worked. Why?: They make you sleepy and this reduces the ability to drive, work, or exercise Side effects include: anxiety, constipation, nausea and vomiting, & urinary retention Tolerance develops soon and treating OA is a lifetime process
Slide 21-

Conclusion The use of drugs for OA is a proven treatment approach. Recent news releases have reminded us that drugs in these classes have significant side effects that we must be concerned about when we use these drugs. Take care to use drugs wisely!